3 Journal of Online Higher Education: Volume 5 Issue 1, January 2021 Peer-Reviewed Article The challenges of assessing and evaluating the students at distance Fernando Almeida, PhD University of Porto & INESC TEC José Monteiro, PhD Polytechnic Institute of Gaya (ISPGAYA) Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a strong effect on higher education institutions with the closure of classroom teaching activities. In this unprecedented crisis, of global proportion, educators and families had to deal with unpredictability and learn new ways of teaching. This article aims to explore the challenges posed to Portuguese higher education institutions and analyze the challenges posed to evaluation models. To this end, the relevance of formative and summative assessment models in distance education is explored and the perception of teachers and students about the practices adopted in remote assessment is discussed. On the teachers’ side, there is a high concern about adopting fraud-free models and an excessive focus on the summative assessment component that in the distance learning model has less preponderance when compared to the gradual monitoring and assessment processes of the students. On the students’ side, problems arise regarding equipment to follow the teaching sessions and concerns about their privacy, particularly when intrusive IT solutions request the access to their cameras, audio, and desktop. Keywords: online education, COVID-19, blended learning, summative education, formative education Journal of Online Higher Education ISSN: 2575-1204 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.