6 • The ADHD Report © 2006 The Guilford Press Donna Geffner is with St. John’s Univer- sity. She is the author of ADHD: What Pro- fessionals Need to Know (2005). Her DVD, “AD/HD: The Journeys, The People and Their Stories,” highlights individuals and their families in their journey through dis- covery, evaluation, and treatment. REFERENCES Ackerman, E., Dykman, R., Oglesby, D., & Newton J. (1994). EEG power specta of chil- dren with dyslexia, slow learners , and nor- mally reading children with ADD during verbal processing. Journal of Learning Dis- abilities, 27, 619–630. American Speech–Language Hearing Asso- ciation Task Force on Central Auditory pro- cessing Consensus Development. (1996). Central auditory processing: Current status of research and implications for clinical practice. American Journal of Audiology, 5, 41–51. American Speech–Language–Hearing As- sociation. (2005). (Central) Auditory Pro- cessing Disorders: Technical report. www.asha.org/members/deskref–jour- nals/deskref/default, accessed 5/2005. Barkley, R. (2006). Attention Deficit Hyperac- tivity Disorder: A Handbook for Diagnosis and Treatment (3d ed.). New York: Guilford. Becker, J. T., &Morris, R. G. (1999). Work- ing memories. Brain and Cognition, 61, 1–8 Bloom, ?. ?. (1988). In M. Lahey Language Disorders and Language Development. New York: Macmillan. Breier, J. I., Gary, L., Fletcher, J. M., Diehl, R. L., Klass, P., Foorman, B. R., et al. (2001). Perception of voice and tone onset time continua in children with dyslexia with and without attention deficit hyperactivity dis- order. Journal of Experimental Child Psychol- ogy, 80, 245–270. Clarke, A., Barry, R., McCarthy, R., Selikowitz M., & Croft, R. (2002). EEG dif- ferences between good and poor respond- ers to methylphenidate in boys with the Inattentive type of ADHD. Clinical Neurophysiology, 113, 1191–1198. Cohen, N. J., Vallance, D. D., Barwick, M., & Im, N. (2000). The interface between ADHD and language impairment: An ex- amination of the language achievement, and cognitive processing. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disci- plines, 41(3), 353. DiMaggio, C., & Geffner, D. (2003, Novem- ber). Prevalence of attention deficit hyperactiv- ity disorder, speech and language delay, reading difficulties, and family factors associated with CAPD in children. Paper presented at the annual convention of the American Acad- emy of Audiology, Salt Lake City, UT. Geffner, D. (2005). Attention Deficit/Hyperac- tivity Disorder: What Professionals Need to Know. Eau Claire, WI.Thinking Publica- tions. Geffner, D. & Koch, W. (1996). Perception of loudness in children with ADD and with- out ADD. Child Psychiatry and Human De- velopment, 26(3), 191–202. John, E., Corning, W., Easton, E., Brown, D., Ahn, H., John, M., et al. (1977). Neurometrics: Numerical taxonomy identi- fies different profiles of brain functions within groups of behaviorally similar peo- ple. Science, 196 1393–1410. Lucker, J., Geffner, D., &Koch, W. (1996). Perception of loudness in children with ADD and without ADD. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 26(3), 181–190. McInnes, A., Humpheries, T., Hogg–John- son , S., & Tannock, R. (2003). Listening comprehension and working memory are impaired in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder irrespective of language impair- ment. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 31(4), 427. Westby, C. E., &Cutler, S. K. (1994). Lan- guage and ADHD: Understanding the bases and treatment of self–regulatory defi- cits. Topics in Language Disorders, 14(4), 58–76. Sleep Disturbances in Children with ADHD Samuele Cortese, M.D., Eric Konofal, M.D., Ph.D., Nigel Yateman, Ph.D., Marie–Christine Mouren, M.D., Bernardo Dalla Bernardina, M.D., and Michel Lecendreux, M.D. In clinical practice, parent–reported sleep disturbances in children diag- nosed with ADHD are quite frequent. According to Corkum, Tannock, and Moldofsky (1998), 25% to 55% of par- ents complain of sleep problems in these subjects. Although not all chil- dren with ADHD present with sleep problems, research on sleep distur- bances associated with ADHD is of rel- evance for two reasons. First, since sleep problems may be a significant source of distress for the children and their families, understanding the exact nature of sleep alterations found in a subgroup of children with ADHD may allow a more appropriate and complete clinical management of these patients. Second, the identification of possible intrinsic differences in sleep in a subset of children with ADHD may provide insight into potential common pathophysiological mechanisms un- derlying both sleep alterations and ADHD symptoms. To gain a better knowledge of sleep problems in chil- dren with ADHD, the following ques- tions should be addressed: (1) What are the most common sleep alterations found in children with ADHD? (2) Are they more frequent in children with ADHD compared to controls? and (3) Are they specific to ADHD or