https://doi.org/10.1177/2050313X20907015
SAGE Open Medical Case Reports
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SAGE Open Medical Case Reports
Volume 8: 1–3
© The Author(s) 2020
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DOI: 10.1177/2050313X20907015
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Introduction
Opioid use for pain has increased over the last decade. Rates
of opioid-related deaths have also increased fourfold in this
time frame.
1
This country-wide epidemic has even prompted
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to put out
new opioid-prescribing guidelines for primary care physi-
cians.
2
In this case report, the patient is able to wean off her
opioids safely using medical cannibus as an alternative to
opioids for chronic pain.
Case report
This study describes a case of a 43-year-old female with a
history of traumatic brain injury secondary to a motor vehi-
cle accident in June 2004. The patient had no history of psy-
chiatric illness. She sustained multiple fractures, including a
right-sided occipital fracture, C2 fracture, right scapula frac-
ture and multiple rib fractures. She presented to our outpa-
tient clinic complaining of right-sided headaches and neck
and shoulder pain. She complained of pain which was 8/10
on the visual analog scale (VAS) in her neck, right shoulder
and right side of the head. She described pain as a tight vice
like gripping with paresthesias. The pain was alleviated by
heat and massage and aggravated by increased activity and
sleep. She was taking morphine 30 mg two times per day.
She was followed in our clinic for 14 years and was trialed on
multiple medications such as Flexeril, gabapentin and Elavil,
which did not give her relief. She was also increased on her
narcotic pain medications. She was placed on MS Contin
45 mg two times per day and morphine immediate-release
30 mg two times per day for breakthrough pain. This was
equal to 150 morphine milligram equivalents (MME) per
day. The pain was controlled with narcotic pain medications
for over 10 years. She states the medications decreased her
pain from 8/10 on the VAS to 4/10 on the VAS.
Over the years, the patient expressed her concerns about
becoming addicted to narcotic pain medication. On 6 April
2016, the state of Pennsylvania legalized medical cannibus,
and on 15 February 2018 medical cannibus became available
for patients in Pennsylvania. The patient was educated on
medical cannibus as an alternative to opioid medications. We
came up with a weaning protocol. We first decreased the
long-acting MS Contin by 15 mg per week until she was only
on morphine immediate-release. She did complain of some
increased pain and withdrawal symptoms such as chills and
diarrhea but was able to wean off in 1 month. Once off the
Medical cannibus as an alternative for
opioids for chronic pain: A case report
Franklin E Caldera
Abstract
Opioid medication–related deaths have increased to epidemic proportions in the last decade. This report describes a case of
43-year-old female with a traumatic brain injury who developed chronic pain and opioid dependence. The patient expressed
concerns and wanted weaning off opioids. Recent legalization of medical marijuana in Pennsylvania allows us to try it as an
alternative to opioids for chronic pain. Medical cannibus has risks associated with administration but is safer than opioids.
Our patient was successfully weaned off her opioid medications with the help of medical cannibus and pain remained well
controlled. More studies need to be done on using medical cannibus as an alternative to opioids.
Keywords
Orthopedics/rehabilitation/occupational therapy, anesthesia/pain, marijuana, opioid
Date received: 29 October 2018; accepted: 18 January 2020
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Corresponding Author:
Franklin E Caldera, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 1800
Lombard Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Email: Franklin.Caldera@uphs.upenn.edu
907015SCO 0 0 10.1177/2050313X20907015SAGE Open Medical Case ReportsCaldera
case-report 2020
Case Report