Int. J. Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2005 89 Copyright © 2005 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. Evaluation of entrepreneurship education: behaviour performing or intention increasing? Alain Fayolle Professor and Head of the Entrepreneurship Research Chair, E.M. Lyon, Associate Professor INP Grenoble Researcher in Management Sciences at C.E.R.A.G., Grenoble, France E-mail: Alain.Fayolle@esisar.inpg.fr Website: www.epi-entrepreneurship.com Abstract: We are suggesting new approaches in assessing the Entrepreneurship Teaching Programme (ETP). They are based on the theory of planned behaviour which could allow us to measure, under the influences of independent variables related to ETP, attitude changes towards the entrepreneurial behaviour, attitude changes in relation to subjective norms, attitude changes concerning perceived entrepreneurial behaviour control and finally, changes in entrepreneurial intentions. The main research article idea is to consider that it is expected and also feasible to design a dynamic tool using the theory of planned behaviour to assess the ETP and so to measure variations on entrepreneurial intention throughout the education process. Keywords: entrepreneurship education; entrepreneurship teaching; theory of planned behaviour; entrepreneurial intention; evaluation. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Fayolle, A. (2005) ‘Evaluation of entrepreneurship education: behaviour performing or intention increasing?’, Int. J. Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp.89–98. Biographical notes: Alain Fayolle is professor of Entrepreneurship and Director of the Entrepreneurship Research Chair at EM Lyon. He is also researcher at CERAG (Grenoble University of Social and Human Sciences/CNRS) and Director of EPI (Entrepreneurship and Process of Innovation) Research Unit (INP Grenoble and Grenoble University of Social and Human Sciences). Professor Fayolle has written or edited several books in French and in English. He has also published numerous chapters in international books and papers in French and international journals. At present he conducts research on issues related to innovative and entrepreneurial processes, studied in a longitudinal perspective. He also develops research works in the field of entrepreneurship education. 1 Introduction In recent years, entrepreneurship education has been developing steadily but unevenly in most countries. In the USA, for example, which has been a trailblazer and leader in the field, the last decade has been described as an important era, with a significant increase in