Open Journal of Statistics, 2021, 11, 737-758
https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojs
ISSN Online: 2161-7198
ISSN Print: 2161-718X
DOI: 10.4236/ojs.2021.115044 Oct. 12, 2021 737 Open Journal of Statistics
Validating Intrinsic Factors Informing
E-Commerce: Categorical Data Analysis Demo
Anthony Joe Turkson
*
, John Awuah Addor, Douglas Yenwon Kharib
Mathematics, Statistics and Actuarial Science Department, Takoradi Technical University, Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana
Abstract
Statistics is a powerful tool for data measurement. Statistical techniques
properly planned and executed give meaning to meaningless data. The diffi-
culty some practitioners encounter hinges on the fact that though there are
numerous statistical methods available for use in analysis, the extent of their
understanding and ease of using these tools for analysis is limited. This study
has twofold purpose: firstly, literature on categorical data commonly used in
research was reviewed; next, we reported the results of a survey we designed
and executed. Categorical data was collected via questionnaire and analyzed
to serve as a backbone of the robustness of categorical data. Several conjec-
tures about the independence of the socio-economic variables and e-commence
were tested. Some of the factors influencing patronage of e-commerce were
identified. It is clear from the literature that as one’s academic qualifica-
tion improves, there is an associated improvement in their preference for
e-commerce, but the results revealed otherwise. Size of family was found to
influence e-commerce. Both income and social status positively affected pa-
tronage in e-commerce. Gender also appeared to affect patronage in e-commerce.
62.3% of staff had patronized e-commerce. This shows that e-commerce pa-
tronage was gradually increasing. It is therefore our considered view that pol-
icy documents regulating and monitoring the use of e-commerce be devel-
oped to increase e-commerce participation across the globe. It is also recom-
mended that the bottlenecks which obstruct patronage in e-commence be
addressed so that a lot more staff will develop a positive attitude towards
e-commerce.
Keywords
Categorical Data, Chi-Square, E-Commerce, Ordinal Data, Nominal Data
1. Introduction
Statistics has been and is still a very powerful tool for data measurement. If
How to cite this paper: Turkson, A.J., Ad-
dor, J.A. and Kharib, D.Y. (2021) Validating
Intrinsic Factors Informing E-Commerce: Ca-
tegorical Data Analysis Demo. Open Jour-
nal of Statistics, 11, 737-758.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ojs.2021.115044
Received: July 29, 2021
Accepted: October 9, 2021
Published: October 12, 2021
Copyright © 2021 by author(s) and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access