Research Article
Unsteady Electrohydrodynamic Stagnation Point Flow of Hybrid
Nanofluid Past a Convective Heated Stretch/Shrink Sheet
Muhammad Jawad,
1
Rashid Jan,
1
Salah Boulaaras ,
2,3
Ibni Amin,
4
Niaz Ali Shah,
1
and Sahar Ahmed Idris
5,6
1
Department of Mathematics, University of Swabi, Swabi 23561, KPK, Pakistan
2
Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences and Arts, ArRass, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
3
Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Mathematics of Oran (LMFAO), University of Oran 1, Oran, Algeria
4
Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
5
College of Industrial Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61471, Saudi Arabia
6
Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences, Juba University, Sudan
Correspondence should be addressed to Sahar Ahmed Idris; sa6044690@gmail.com
Received 26 August 2021; Accepted 11 October 2021; Published 29 October 2021
Academic Editor: David Carf
Copyright © 2021 Muhammad Jawad et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
Unsteady electrohydrodynamic hybrid nanofluid ðAl
2
O
3
‐Cu/H
2
OÞ past a convective heat stretched/shrinked sheet is examined. A
stagnation point fluid flow with velocity slip constrains and heat source or sink is deliberated. The combined set of PDEs is
translated into ODEs by including approved similarity transformations. HAM is applied for the solution to the obtained
nonlinear system. The magnetic input factor, Prandtl number, electric field factor, Eckert number, heat source factor, and
unstable factor are the governing parameters. The impact of these factors on the temperature and velocity profiles features of
the problem is considered with explanation. Intensification in values of electric and magnetic fields parameters enhanced the
heat transfer rate. The greater Prandtl number lessens the temperature. Amplification in temperature is perceived for Eckert
parameter. The heat transferred rate of hybrid nanofluid in the entire domain increases as the heat source increases, while the
heat sink has the opposite effect. Skin friction and Nusselt number is increased for increasing values of magnetic field
parameters. It is also noted that Nusselt number lessens for raising in Pr, E, and Ec. Furthermore, it is eminent that the hybrid
nanofluid possesses better result compared to the nanofluid.
1. Introduction
The ability of nanofluids to improve heat transfer perfor-
mance in a range of industrial applications due to the sub-
stantial raise in thermal conductivity of the resulting fluid
has piqued interest in recent years. A liquid in which nano-
sized metallic or nonmetallic components are suspended is
defined as this new class of fluids. By dispersing a composite
nanopowder or various types of nanoparticles in the hybrid
nano- and base fluids, which are a continuation of nano-
fluids, can be created. An enhanced nanofluid having two
distinct nanoparticles scattered in the base fluid is called a
hybrid nanofluid.
Many researchers have been interested in studying heat
source in a hybrid nanofluid in recent years because of its
ability to boost heat transfer rates when compared to ordi-
nary nanofluid. As a result, most heat transferring uses, such
as transformer cooling, electronic cooling, and coolant in
machines, have used hybrid nanofluid as the heat source
fluid. Nanofluid is an eminent as a high heat transferred
when compared to other fluids. The hybrid nanofluid, on
the other hand, is researched in this study is to strengthen
the rate of heat source of the standard nanofluid. Several sci-
entists used numerical methods to explore the heat transport
and the boundary layering flow of a hybrid nanofluid. The
researchers in [1] studied the flow of a hybrid nanofluid past
Hindawi
Advances in Mathematical Physics
Volume 2021, Article ID 6229706, 9 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6229706