© 2014 Smithers Information Ltd.
T/1
Kauchuk i Rezina, No. 6, 2013, pp. 10–13
The use of an ultradisperse diamond charge as an
additive to elastomer composites
R.M. Dolinskaya,
1
T.D. Sviderskaya,
1
N.R. Prokopchuk,
1
M.E. Leizeronok,
2
Yu.V.
Korovina,
2
A.F. Il’yushchenko,
3
and Yu.O. Lisovskaya
3
1
Belorussian State Technological University (BGTU), Minsk, Belarus
2
OAO Belarus’rezinotekhnika, Bobruisk, Belarus
3
Institute of Powder Metallurgy (GNU IPM), Minsk, Belarus
Selected from International Polymer Science and Technology, 41, No. 3, 2014, reference KR 13/06/10; transl. serial no. 17138
Translated by P. Curtis
Detonation-synthesis diamonds are a new promising
material produced using explosive energy. Nanodiamond
powder consisting of grains of round form with a particle
size of 10-200 Å (mean 60 Å) possesses a unique
magnitude of specific surface and surface energy, which
enables it to be used as a powerful crosslinking agent
in different materials (rubbers, ceramics, plastics) for a
considerable improvement in their characteristics.
In numerous investigations, the effectiveness of
introducing nanodiamonds and a diamond-containing
charge into polymer composites and films based on
polyfluorinated elastomers, perfluorinated hydrocarbons,
polysiloxanes, polyisoprenes, styrene butadiene rubbers,
polyurethanes, polyimides, and so on, has been shown [1-9].
As demonstrated by Aleksenskii et al. [10] and
Dolmatov [11], the introduction of nanodiamonds on
the whole increases the elastic strength characteristics
and ensures in a number of cases unique tribotechnical
properties of polymers.
The aim of this work was an experimental investigation
of the effect of an ultradisperse diamond (UDD) charge
introduced into elastomer composites on the processing
and mechanical properties of rubber compounds based
on BNKS-28AM(N) nitrile butadiene rubber.
The main materials investigated were nitrile
butadiene rubber BNKS-28AM(N) (a special-purpose
rubber) and a charge of UDDs of grades UDAG-1
and UDAG-2 as additives, the properties of which are
presented in Table 1. The specific surface and grain
size distribution of specimens of diamond-containing
charge were determined using SA 1300 and Zetasizer
analysers (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK). The
range of measurement of the specific surface was 0.01-
2000 m
2
/g. The choice of the given grade of rubber was
governed by the fact that investigations of the structure of
a polymer matrix (different grades of rubbers) + UDDs by
the present authors on a JEOL JSM-5610 LV microscope
had shown that both types of charge were distributed
well within an elastomer matrix based on this rubber. The
composite turns out to be homogeneous, and of stable
colour. Investigations [12] showed that this is one of the
most widely used rubbers in the industrial production of
mechanical rubber goods.
Model elastomer composites based on synthetic nitrile
butadiene rubber BNKS-28AM(N) were manufactured
on a 320 160/160 laboratory mill. The forming of
specimens was carried out in a hydraulic press at a
temperature of 143 ± 3°C.
Table 1. Properties of modifying additives of grades UDAG-1 and UDAG-2
Grade Moisture content
a
(%)
Ash content
a
Carbon content
(%)
Impurities
(%)
Specific surface
(m
2
/g)
Mean particle size
(nm)
UDAG-1 8 1.7 75 Ca 0.84, Fe 0.88 374.83 100
UDAG-2 8.6 1.9 76 Ca 0.68, Fe 0.68 378.46 100
a
The moisture content and ash content of the material at room temperature and 76% humidity are given