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Copyright © All rights are reserved by Mojtaba Labibzadeh.
Trends in Civil Engineering and
its Architecture
Research article ISSN: 2637-4668
Long-Term effects of Environment on Seismic
Performance of Dez Concrete Arch Dam
Mojtaba Labibzadeh
1
*, Alireza Firouzi
2
and Hamid R. Ghafouri
3
1
Associate Professor of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
2
MSc Student of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
3
Professor of Hydraulic Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
*Corresponding author: Mojtaba Labibzadeh, Associate Professor of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and
Architecture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
Received: August 13, 2020 Published: September 04, 2020
DOI: 10.32474/TCEIA.2020.04.000176
Introduction
Much of the hydraulic structures like arch concrete dams are
rapidly approaching, or in some cases have already passed their
original design life. It is not surprising to say that these old concrete
structures which some of their surfaces are submerged in the water
for a long time, experience more degradation in their mechanical
features than those structures which remain in dry environmental
conditions along their operational life Dam Safety Technology
Development Program 2005 [1]. This phenomenon may probably
be the result of, to some extent, the effects of saturation of micro
voids in the concrete mass Wittmann [2]; Pihlajavaara [3,4]) or/
and to some extent of the chemical dissolution reactions that
occur in the wet concrete parts Kuhl et al. [5]; Nguyen et al. [6].
Abstract
In the first part of this paper, the degradation of the mechanical properties of the mass concrete of the Dez concrete arch
dam under the long-term effects of its environment as well as its loading history has been investigated using an innovate inverse
analysis method. For performing that inverse analysis, an objective function was defined and then it was attempted to minimize
that. That function was defined as the sum of the squared differences between the displacements obtained from a developed
enhanced FE model in the ABAQUS standard software by the authors in the current study for each assumed set of the degraded
mechanical properties of the dam as input variables and those obtained from the inverse pendulum’s records of the dam. For the
sake of the generality of the problem, in performing such FE analyses, it was assumed that the behavior of the concrete material
of the Dez dam has transformed gradually from initial homogeneous and isotropic undamaged behavior to the heterogeneous and
orthotropic deteriorated behavior under the long-term effects of the environment as well as load agencies. Hence, the vertical
sections of the dam were divided into nine and six subsections along the thickness and height directions of the dam, respectively.
In each subsection, a transversely isotropic degraded elastic constitutive law was considered for characterizing the concrete
long-term deterioration phenomenon. Obtained results revealed that the long-term deterioration of the mass concrete of the Dez
dam is in fact a heterogeneous and anisotropic process because that the magnitude of the above mentioned defined objective
function was obtained smaller than the corresponding value in the previous study of the authors which was performed based on
the homogeneous and isotropic damage evolution assumptions. Core test results from the mass concrete of the dam reported by a
consulting engineer company confirmed the concrete degradation predicted by the proposed model. After that, the behavior of this
dam against an earthquake excitation was investigated considering the above-mentioned degradation of its mechanical properties
and the obtained results were compared with its corresponding behavior considering its initial un-damaged mechanical properties
for the mass concrete. Comparisons revealed considerable growth in the enveloped tensile stresses which can change the initial
assumed safety margin design factors of the dam and necessitates the re-evaluating of the dam stability.
Keywords: Concrete; Thermal inverse analysis; Heterogeneous; Transversely isotropic; Long-term damage; Arch dam; Seismic
response