ZOOTAXA ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Accepted by D. Clarke: 24 Feb. 2020; published: 30 Apr. 2020 129 Zootaxa 4768 (1): 129–142 https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press Article https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4768.1.8 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:45D87901-3967-43D7-8F9C-E9B0B472F9E1 A new, peculiar genus of Cossoninae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from Oman with description of a new species, larva and notes on biology PETER HLAVÁČ 1* , JIŘÍ SKUHROVEC 2 & JAN PELIKÁN 3 1 Department of Entomology, National Museum, Natural History Museum, Cirkusová 1740, CZ-193 00 Praha 9 - Horní Počernice, The Czech Republic. � peterhlavac@gmail.com https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5060-0811 2 Group Function of Invertebrate and Plant Biodiversity in Agro-Ecosystems, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, CZ-161 06 Praha 6-Ruzyně, The Czech Republic. � jirislavskuhrovec@gmail.com https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7691-5990 3 Štefánikova 323, 500 11 Hradec Králové, The Czech Republic. E-mail: kormik1@seznam.cz * Corresponding author. E-mail: peterclaviger@gmail.com Abstract A new genus and species of the subfamily Cossoninae, Omanocossonus sabulosus gen. et sp. nov. is described from Oman. All specimens including larvae were found on sand dunes on the seashore in roots of Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton. The crucial features, including male and female terminalia, are illustrated, and the taxonomic position of the new genus within Cossoninae is briefly discussed. The generic status of Lindbergius Roudier, 1957 is resurrected. The mature larva of the new species is described, larval morphology is discussed and the current state of knowledge about immature stages of Cossoninae is summarized. Key words. Curculionidae, Cossoninae, Onycholipini, taxonomy, new genus, new species, mature larva, morphology, host plant, Palaearctic region, Oman Introduction The subfamily Cossoninae, with 290 genera and more than 1700 described species, belongs to the monophyletic Curculionidae clade called CCCMS (Conoderinae, Cossoninae, Curculioninae, Molytinae, Scolytinae), which is probably the most diverse plant-feeding group of beetles (Shin et al. 2018). Within this clade, Cossoninae can be recognized by having an uncus originating from the lateral tibial edge with the hook at or near the dorsal angle, by the strongly asymmetrical spiculum gastrale (male sternite IX) and by the following four synapomorphies: 1) pres- ence of a comb or set of setae on the ventral side of apical third of the tibiae; 2) deep mandibular sockets delimited below by a prominent hypostomal tooth (Kuschel et al. 2000); 3) presence of sclerolepidia; and 4) presence of a rectal loop. The broad-nosed snout beetles (Cossoninae) are usually wood, leaf and stem dwellers, they are often found under bark and some species are found exclusively in leaf-litter. Many species are found on sandy beaches in the association with driftwood, and they are excellent colonists. Thus many species are introduced throughout the world, and many tropical taxa have been introduced into Europe. The western Palaearctic fauna of Cossoninae is relatively well-studied. It was a subject of the relatively modern revision by Bronislaw Folwaczny (1973), and little has been discovered in the area since: only one new genus and 22 new species since 1973. Including taxonomic acts made in this paper, 41 (3 introduced) genera and 149 species and subspecies of the subfamily are known from the western Palaearctic region (less than 10% of the world fauna of the subfamily; P. Hlaváč personal database). The main aims of this study are the following: 1) to describe a new genus of Cossoninae which was discovered in sand dunes in Oman; 2) to describe the larva of the new species in detail; 3) to compare and rank the new genus in the known classification of the subfamily Cossoninae, on the basis of adult and larval morphological features; and finally 4) to provide details on its biology.