N
ELSEVIER Applied Surface Science 93 (1996) 131-134
surface science
Determination of the subband carrier densities in a strained
GaAs/Ino.15Gao.85As/Alo.z2Gao.7aAs single quantum well
using photoluminescence
T.W. Kim *, M. Jung, D.U. Lee
Department of Physics, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-ku, Seoul 139-701, South Korea
Received 2 August 1995; accepted for publication 12 September 1995
Abstract
Photoluminescence (PL) measurements on a strained GaAs/Ino.15Gao.ssAs/Alo.22Gao.7sAs single quantum well grown
by molecular beam epitaxy were performed to determine the subband carrier densities in the InoAsGao.85Assingle quantum
well. The PL results obtained from the samples with two populated electron subbands were dominated by two spectral
bands. The electronic subband energies and the Fermi energy in the Ino.15Gao.ssAs quantum well were calculated by a
self-consistent method taking into account exchange-correlation effects together with strain and nonparabolicity effects. The
subband carrier densities determined using the PL spectrum were in good agreement with those obtained from self-consistent
calculation results and Shubnikov-de Haas measurements. These results clearly demonstrate the feasibility of using PL
measurements, which involve no sample destruction, to determine subband carrier densities.
PACS: 68.55. Bd; 73.20. Dx; 73.25. +i
I. Introduction
Recently, rapid advancements in epitaxial film
growth technology have made possible the fabrica-
tion of several new types of strained quantum wells
[1-3]. More recently, experimental and theoretical
studies of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG)
in various strained InxGa]_xAS quantum structures
have been performed [4,5]. Pseudomorphic GaAs/
InxGa j xAs/AlyGal_yAs modulation-doped
Corresponding author.
strained quantum wells are attractive due to their
having a higher achievable 2DEG density and more
confinement of the carriers in the quantum well
channel due to the larger conduction band disconti-
nuity resulting from the smaller energy gap and
effective mass of InxGa l_xAs. In addition, effective
device performance in the microwave frequency re-
gion is achieved by incorporation of a pseudomor-
phic In xGal - xAs strained quantum well [4-11 ].
Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) and Hall effect mea-
surements have been used commonly to determine
the carrier density of the mobile electrons at low
temperature; ohmic contacts are required for those
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