Original Contribution
Z Gerontol Geriat
DOI 10.1007/s00391-016-1092-3
Received: 4 December 2015
Revised: 25 February 2016
Accepted: 19 May 2016
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016
Gabriele Röhrig
1,2
· Ymkje Rücker
1
· Ingrid Becker
3
· Ralf-Joachim Schulz ·
Romana Lenzen-Großimlinghaus
4
· Peter Willschrei
5
· Sybille Gebauer
6
·
Mirja Modreker
7
· Martin Jäger
8
· Rainer Wirth
9,10
1
Ageing Clinical Research, Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne,
Germany
2
Department of Geriatrics, St. Marien-Hospital, Cologne, Germany
3
Institute of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Epidemiology, Cologne, Germany
4
Medical Department of Geriatrics, Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann gGmbh, Potsdam, Germany
5
Clinic for Geriatric Medicine, Kliniken Essen Mitte, Essen, Germany
6
Geriatric Department, Dominikus Hospital, Berlin, Germany
7
Clinic for Geriatric Medicine and Geriatric Rehabilitation, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, Schwerin, Germany
8
Clinic for Geriatric Medicine, St. Vinzenz-Hospital Dinslaken, Dinslaken, Germany
9
St. Marien-Hospital Borken, Department for Geriatric Medicine, Borken, Germany
10
Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nürnberg,
Germany
Association of anemia with
functional and nutritional status
in the German multicenter study
“GeriAnaemie2013”
Introduction
Anemia is a common finding in older
patients and is associated with increased
mortality, increased morbidity and func-
tional decline [6, 22, 30]. Several in-
ternational studies have shown that the
prevalence of anemia varies depending
on the population studied. A study of the
third National Health and Nutrition Ex-
amination survey (NHANES 1991–1994)
showed an anemia prevalence of > 20 %
among community dwelling seniors >
85 years [8]. A more recent study among
home dwelling people in rural India was
consistent with this finding [21]. A sys-
tematic review by Gaskell et al. [7] among
geriatric inpatients > 65 years living in
developed countries found an anemia
prevalence of 40 %. Bach et al. [2]
showed a comparable prevalence of ane-
mia among geriatric inpatients aged 90+
years; however, data concerning anemia
On behalf of the working group “Nutrition and
metabolism” of the German Geriatric Society
(DGG).
prevalence among German geriatric in-
patients are still rare and mostly derived
from monocentric studies. Te German
Geriatric Society therefore decided to
initiate the first multicentric study on
anemia prevalence among geriatric in-
patients. Te primary objective of this
study was to evaluate the prevalence of
anemia. Further study objectives com-
prised the impact of anemia on functional
ability measured by the Barthel index (BI)
and the evaluation of nutritional status
and drug intake in anemic patients. In a
recent study from India anemia, risk of
malnutrition and physical disability have
been associated in community dwelling
patients aged 60+ years [21]. Previous
international studies were found to be as-
sociated anemia and malnutrition with
functional decline and frailty [11, 12,
25, 26]; therefore, this first multicenter
study on German geriatric inpatients is
intended to provide data with respect to
anemia prevalence, its impact on func-
tional ability and its association with nu-
tritional status and drug intake in this
increasing population.
Patients and methods
Between June 2013 and December 2014
a total of 579 geriatric inpatients were
consecutively recruited on admission in
6 participating German study centers (5
geriatric centers and 1 general emergency
department of a university hospital). Te
recruitment interval was 4–6 weeks in ev-
ery study center. Included were patients >
70 years admitted to the geriatric depart-
ment or, in the case of the general emer-
gency department, with the intention of
being admitted to a geriatric department.
All study patients gave informed con-
sent. Patients with current cancer disease
or cancer-associated treatment were not
included in the study. Functional sta-
tus was measured by the Hamburg clas-
sification manual [16] based on the BI
[17]. Handgrip strength was measured
with a GLS Martin
®
Vigorimeter (Ge-
brüder Martin GmbH & Co KG, Tutt-
lingen, Germany) and the reference val-
ues for reduced handgrip were males <
66 kPa and females < 38 kPa [30]. Nutri-
tional status was assessed by patient self-
Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie