Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A246 (1986) 63-66 63
North-Holland, Amsterdam
OPTICAL CAVITY OF THE ADONE FEL EXPERIMENT
M. AMBROSIO, G.C. BARBARINO, M. CASTELLANO, N. CAVALLO, F. CEVENNI and
M.R. MASULLO
Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
P. PATTERI and M. PREGER
lnstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
A detailed description of the parameter choice for the LELA optical cavity is presented. Particular attention has been devoted to
the alignement problems solved by means of a remote control system. First results on mirror damage due to UV radiation will be also
reported.
1. Introduction
The LELA (Laser ad Elettroni Liberi in Adone) is a
feasibility experiment designed in order to study prob-
lems involving the interaction between radiation and
the recirculating electron beam of a storage ring (Adone
of LNF) [1] using a transverse electromagnetic undula-
tor of 20 periods. The main characteristic of the experi-
ment are summarized in table 1.
After the installation of the undulator, accurate
spontaneous radiation [1] and optical gain [2-4] meas-
urements have been worked out. Now an optical cavity
of about 17.5 m has been built by prolongating the
vacuum vessel of the Adone storage ring. Due to the
very small peak gain (3 X 10 -4) the cavity has been
designed to operate in high vacuum condition avoiding
Table 1
Main characteristic of the experiment
Machine
Energy E = 550-625 MeV
Circumference L c = 104.96 m
Bunch to bunch distance A t = 117 ns
Fractional energy spread ap = 2.3 × 10 -4
Bunch length a t = 350-1000 ps
RF frequency fz = 51 MHz
Number of bunches 3
Undulator
Undulator period )'w = 11.6 cm
Number of periods N = 20
Length (with clamps) L w = 2.412 m
Maximum magnetic field on axis B0 = 4.95 kG
Field parameter K = 4.825
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the use of any intracavity window which could increase
the losses.
In this paper a brief description of the problems
encountered in this construction is presented. Sect. 2
deals with the undulator features while the mechanical
design characteristics are summarized in sect. 3. The
remote control using piezoelectric (PZT) pushers and
the preliminary experimental tests performed in order
to obtain a good alignment of the cavity are described
in sect. 4. In the last section some preliminary results
about the mirror damage caused by the UV components
of the spontaneous radiation are reported.
2. Characteristics of the LELA undulator
The electromagnetic undulator installed in a straight
section of the Adone storage ring has 20 periods. It has
been designed to have the smallest period ()~w = 11.6
cm) to reach short wavelengths and to give a maximum
vertical magnetic field on axis By = 4.95 kG.
The corresponding field parameter K has, in such a
way, a value large enough to provide the spontaneous
radiation spectrum with an extremely rich presence of
harmonics in the UV range.
This fact is one of the major problems involved in
the radiation damage of the cavity mirrors as it can be
seen in sect. 5.
Accurate measurements of the angular and spectral
distribution of the spontaneous radiation from the un-
dulator were performed in the first stage of the experi-
ment [1]. The obtained results fit very well the calcu-
lated distribution showing no distortion due to a "not
ideal" magnetic field. In fig. 1 one of the measured
radiation spectra is shown.
l(b). WIGGLERS AND UNDULATORS