International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 2021 Vol. 6, Issue 3, ISSN No. 2455-2143, Pages 45-50 Published Online July 2021 in IJEAST (http://www.ijeast.com) 45 PATCH AND GROUND PLANE SLOTS EFFECT ON THE RECTANGULAR PATCH MICROSTRIP UWB ANTENNA BANDWIDTH PERFORMANCE M. Firoz Ahmed Department of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi- 6205, Bangladesh M. Hasnat Kabir Department of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi- 6205, Bangladesh Abu Zafor Md. Touhidul Islam Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi- 6205, Bangladesh Abstract—In this paper, the impact of patch and ground plane slots on the bandwidth performance of a microstrip UWB antenna is presented. Our reference antenna is a microstrip feeding type monopole feature with a rectangular patch and a partial ground plane. In order to evaluate the characteristics of the reference antenna bandwidth, two separate slot types (right-angle triangular and rectangular) have been inserted into the patch and a single slot configuration like a rectangular is also inserted into the partial ground plane on the backside of the feed line to the appropriate. The influence on the bandwidth characteristics of single and multiple slot cases is analyzed using the HFSS simulator. Based on the slot configurations, the simulation results verify that the antenna bandwidth can be improved. Keywords— Microstrip UWB antenna, Ground plane slot, Patch slots, Bandwidth enhancement. I. INTRODUCTION Since the low power, widespread bandwidth of 3.1-10.6 GHz has been adopted by FCC for ultra-wideband (UWB) services, several works have centered on designing and modifying antennas within this band over the past 15 years, taking into account low price, small size, broad impedance bandwidth, omnidirectional characteristics, and easy manufacturing. For this purpose, in addition to being a good candidate for this work, the small size monopole microstrip antenna could be used for many communication systems such as radar application, location and tracking systems, ad-hoc systems, and many others. Microstrip antenna has recently been used by applying several antenna structure modifications for ultra- wideband technology. For the investigation of impedance matching, the technique for extending the bandwidth of ultra-wideband antennas by using ground slot techniques of different shapes and configurations such as rectangular, partly circular triangular, and hexagonal under the backside of the radiator feed line is commonly considered. The effect of the slots on impedance bandwidth assessment, radiation pattern characteristics, output gain, and radiation efficiency was realized by the simulation test results. Among the other proposed slot configurations, a hexagonal slot on the ground surface achieved the best fractional bandwidth improvement of 136.08 percent for a magnitude of S11 < -10 dB [1]. The authors tested a pacman-shaped antenna with a square ground cut back under the top edge of the feed line to enhance the impedance bandwidth efficiency in [2]. A good impedance bandwidth function between 2.9-15 GHz is given by the proposed antenna and has an omnidirectional radiation pattern. In [3], by changing the proposed square antenna structure, the authors implemented a special small square slotted antenna with a variable band-stop characteristic for UWB purposes, the adjustment was rendered by adding two configurations of G-shaped slots in the ground and a T- shaped ring slot at the square radiating patch. Both simulation and measurement assessment showed that the proposed antenna can activate efficiently with VSWR less than 2 in the frequency range of 2.95 - 15.65 GHz and has rejection bands around 5.13GHz and 5.91 GHz. In [4], a circular patch antenna was examined and adjusted by correctly cutting the diagonal edges of the ground plane and inserting a T-shaped slot. The antenna acquired a wider bandwidth of 3-12.62 GHz via this process (123.32 %) than the standard FCC 3.1-10.6 GHz bandwidth (109.45 %). To increase the bandwidth properties receiving modification from 117 percent to 175%, several works with distinct ground cutting have been investigated such as the M-shaped configuration proposed in [5], other works used U-shaped structures [6,7], while the inverted T- shaped antenna used [8] was investigated with a modified fork-shaped monopole antenna with two L-shaped etched slots [9], In addition, W-shaped, good results on the ground plane are provided by П-shaped and boat-shaped slot configurations [10], beak-shaped structure [11], right C-shaped slot produced