Vipul Sansare et al., Int. J. Res. Pharm. Sci., 2021, 12(2), 1003-1008
SčĔėę CĔĒĒĚēĎĈĆęĎĔē
IēęĊėēĆęĎĔēĆđ JĔĚėēĆđ Ĕċ RĊĘĊĆėĈč Ďē
PčĆėĒĆĈĊĚęĎĈĆđ SĈĎĊēĈĊĘ
Published by JK Welfare & Pharmascope Foundation Journal Home Page: www.pharmascope.org/ijrps
Design, fabrication and evaluation of clotrimazole loaded polymeric
microsphere based in situ ophthalmic gel
Manish Kumar Gupta
1
, Vipul Sansare
*1
, Birendra Shrivastava
1
, Santosh Jadhav
2
1
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur- 302017, India
2
SVPM’S College of Pharmacy, Malegaon, Maharashtra- 413115, India
Article History:
Received on: 05 Jan 2021
Revised on: 10 Feb 2021
Accepted on: 22 Feb 2021
Keywords:
Clotrimazole,
Corneal fungal infection,
In situ gel,
PLGA,
Polymeric microsphere
AćĘęėĆĈę
The present study was started with aim to design clotrimazole loaded poly-
meric microsphere based in situ ophthalmic gel for management of corneal
fungal infections. The clotrimazole loaded microsphere was fabricated using
various percentage of polylactide-co-glycolide polymer by solvent evapora-
tion technique and evaluated for particle size, zeta potential and encapsula-
tion efϐiciency. The polyvinyl alcohol was used as stabilizer. The formulation
batch which showed good particle size and entrapment efϐiciency was selected
for further study. The in situ ophthalmic gel of optimized drug loaded micro-
sphere was formulated using various ratios of sodium alginate and hydroxy
propyl methyl cellulose. The formulated gel was evaluated with respect to pH,
in vitro gelling capacity, clarity, viscosity, in vitro antifungal activity and in
vitro transcorneal permeation behavior. The fabricated drug loaded micro-
spheres revealed acceptable particle size, zeta potential and encapsulation
efϐiciency. The prepared in situ gels were clear and exhibited acceptable pH,
rheological properties and in vitro gelation. The drug loaded microsphere
based gel revealed superior in vitro antifungal activity against Aspergillus
niger than conventional formulation and sufϐicient drug permeation across
goat cornea. Thus, formulated clotrimazole loaded microsphere based in situ
gel based systems can be a promising approach for sustained ophthalmic
delivery of antifungal agents.
*
Corresponding Author
Name: Vipul Sansare
Phone: +91-8692930764
Email: avipulsansare@gmail.com
ISSN: 0975-7538
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v12i2.4617
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INTRODUCTION
Fungal eye infection is extremely rare but major
cause of ocular morbidity. Mycotic eye infections
are commonly caused by yeast Candida albicans
which is the most common cause of endogenous
Endophthalmitis (Klotz et al., 2000). The fungi such
as Fusarium solani and Aspergillus ϔlavus are also
responsible for one-third of all traumatic infectious
keratitis. Endophthalmitis is an infection of the
inside of the eye i.e. the vitreous and/or aqueous
humor whereas keratitis is an infection of the cornea
of eye (Müller et al., 2013). Clotrimazole (CLZ), 1-
[(2-chlorophenyl)diphenylmethyl]-1H-imidazole is
well known antifungal drug containing imidazole
ring. Conventional ophthalmic drug administration
involves local administration of antifungal drug by
topical route (Mohanty et al., 2015). However con-
ventional ophthalmic drug delivery is challenging
due to barrier properties of cornea and conjunc-
tiva. The unique anatomy and physiology cornea
presents constant challenge for formulators to cir-
cumvent the protective barriers of eyes. In addition
to this, poor ocular residence time of drug due to its
© International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 1003