Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2018, 9, 32-45
http://www.scirp.org/journal/fns
ISSN Online: 2157-9458
ISSN Print: 2157-944X
DOI: 10.4236/fns.2018.91003 Jan. 31, 2018 32 Food and Nutrition Sciences
Effect of Pullulan and Hydrocolloids on
Rheological Properties and Quality
Parameters of Wheat-Soy Baladi Bread
Sati Y. Al-Dalain
1
, Mohamed K. Morsy
2*
1
Department of Medical Support, Al-Karak University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Salt, Jordan
2
Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Qaluobia, Egypt
Abstract
Baladi bread is a staple food in Egypt and high nutritive value however, stales
rapidly. The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative evaluation of pul-
lulan and hydrocolloid combinations on rheological properties and quality
parameters of wheat-soy baladi bread. Pullulan polysaccharides (Pu) and hy-
drocolloids as Arabic gum (AG), K-carrageenan (KC), pectin (P), and xanthan
gum (XG) were applied. Rheological properties of samples included Pu and
hydrocolloids were analyzed through extensiograph and farinograph. The
crust color, staling, and sensory attributes of bread were evaluated. Results
revealed that wheat flour (WF) has lower water absorption capacity, dough
development time, mixing tolerance index, and resistance to extension how-
ever, has higher dough stability, extensibility, and dough energy compared to
wheat-soy flour (WSF). Pu and/or hydrocolloids addition to WSF dough evi-
dently improved bread quality. Pu was significantly enhanced crust color and
yielded fresher bread relative to control. Additionally, Pu showed the highest
Alkaline Water Retention Capacity (AWRC) value after 5 days at 25˚C ± 2˚C.
Results demonstrated that hydrocolloids especially pullulan can significantly
improve dough properties, baking quality, sensory acceptability, and delay
staling of wheat-soy baladi bread.
Keywords
Baladi Bread, Hydrocolloids, Pullulan, Rheological Properties, Soy Flour
1. Introduction
Baladi bread is a staple food in Egypt and represents a reliable source of carbo-
hydrates, dietary fibers, minerals, and vitamins. In Egypt, there is a major gap
How to cite this paper: Al-Dalain, S.Y.
and Morsy, M.K. (2018) Effect of Pullulan
and Hydrocolloids on Rheological Proper-
ties and Quality Parameters of Wheat-Soy
Baladi Bread. Food and Nutrition Sciences,
9, 32-45.
https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2018.91003
Received: December 11, 2017
Accepted: January 28, 2018
Published: January 31, 2018
Copyright © 2018 by authors and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access