Materials Sciences and Applications, 2019, 10, 733-745
https://www.scirp.org/journal/msa
ISSN Online: 2153-1188
ISSN Print: 2153-117X
DOI: 10.4236/msa.2019.1012053 Nov. 29, 2019 733 Materials Sciences and Applications
Effect of Ti
4+
Doping on Structural,
Electrical and Magnetic Properties
of Ni
0.4
Cu
0.2
Zn
0.4
Fe
2−x
Ti
x
O
4
Ferrites
Sajal Chandra Mazumdar
1*
, Farhad Alam
2
, Umma Habiba Tanni
1
, Kamrunnahar Kali
1
,
Bablu Chandra Das
3
, Mohammed Nazrul Islam Khan
4
1
Department of Physics, Comilla University, Cumilla, Bangladesh
2
Department of Physical Sciences, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Independent University,
Dhaka, Bangladesh
3
Departments of Physics, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
4
Materials Science Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Abstract
Ti
4+
doped Ni
0.4
Cu
0.2
Zn
0.4
Fe
2−x
Ti
x
O
4
(x = 0.0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.07, 0.10) chemical
compositions are prepared by conventional solid state reaction technique.
The ferrite phase formation has been confirmed from the pattern of XRD.
The theoretical density (ρ
th
), bulk density (ρ
B
), and porosity are calculated
from the XRD data and using approximate formulas. Value of ρ
th
is found to
be greater than the value of ρ
B
indicating the formation of pores inside the
bulk specimens. The micro-structural investigation has been done using Field
Emission Scanning Electron Microscope and it is found that the average grain
size reduces with the increase of Ti content. Saturation magnetization (M
s
)
also reduces with the increase of Ti content, contrarily remanent magnetiza-
tion (M
r
) and coercivity (H
c
) increases with the concentration of Ti in the
composition due to the pinning effect. The real part of the initial permeability
is found to be maximum for the x = 0.02 sample which could be due to the
homogeneity and high density of the sample. For increasing frequency, the
dielectric constant and dielectric loss are observed to decrease.
Keywords
Ferrite, X-Ray Diffraction, VSM, SEM, Dielectric Properties, Magnetization
1. Introduction
Polycrystalline Nickel-Copper-Zinc ferrite is a semi-conducting material that
How to cite this paper: Mazumdar, S.C.,
Alam, F., Tanni, U.H., Kali, K., Das, B.C.
and Khan, M.N.I. (2019) Effect of Ti
4+
Doping on Structural, Electrical and Mag-
netic Properties of Ni
0.4
Cu
0.2
Zn
0.4
Fe
2−x
Ti
x
O
4
Ferrites. Materials Sciences and Applica-
tions, 10, 733-745.
https://doi.org/10.4236/msa.2019.1012053
Received: October 24, 2019
Accepted: November 26, 2019
Published: November 29, 2019
Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access