Research Article
An Economic Analysis of the Systematic Use of Mapping Systems
during Catheter Ablation Procedures: Single Center Experience
Massimiliano Marini ,
1
Daniele Ravanelli,
2
Marta Martin,
1
Maurizio Del Greco,
3
Fabrizio Guarracini,
1
Silvia Quintarelli,
1
Alessio Coser,
1
Aldo Valentini,
2
and Roberto Bonmassari
1
1
Department of Cardiology, S. Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
2
Department of Physics, S. Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
3
Department of Cardiology, S. Maria del Carmine Hospital, Rovereto (TN), Italy
Correspondence should be addressed to Massimiliano Marini; massimiliano.marini@apss.tn.it
Received 28 June 2019; Accepted 28 July 2019; Published 20 August 2019
Academic Editor: Natale Daniele Brunetti
Copyright © 2019 Massimiliano Marini et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
Introduction. In this study we estimated the cost-efectiveness of adopting 3D Nonfuoroscopic Mapping Systems (NMSs) for
catheter ablation (CA). Methods. Tis study includes patients who underwent supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) CA and atrial
fbrillation (AF) CA from 2007 to 2016. A comparison was conducted between a reference year (2007) and the respective years for
the two types of procedure in which the maximum optimization of patients’ exposure using NMSs was obtained. We compared the
data of all SVT CA performed solely using fuoroscopy in 2007 (Group I) and all SVT CA procedures performed using fuoroscopy
together with an NMS in 2011 (Group II). Tere was also an important comparison made between AF CA procedures performed in
2007 (Group III) and AF CA in 2012 (Group IV), where patients’ treatment in both years included the use of an NMS but where the
sofware and hardware versions of the NMS were diferent. Two cost-efectiveness analyses were carried out. Te frst method was
based on the alpha value (AV): the AV is a monetary reference value of avoided unit of exposure and is expressed as $/mansievert.
Te second one was based on the value of a statistical life (VSL): the VSL does not represent the cost value of a person’s life, but the
amount that a community would be willing to pay to reduce the risk of a person’s death. Te costs estimated from these two methods
were compared to the real additional cost of using an NMS during that type of procedure in our EP Lab. Results. Te use of NMS
reduced the efective dose of about 2.3 mSv for SVT and 23.8 mSv for AF CA procedures. Te use of NMS, applying directly AV or
VSL values, was not cost-efective for SVT CA for the most countries, whereas the use of an NMS during an AF CA seemed to be
cost-efective for most of them. Conclusions. In our analysis the cost-efectiveness of the systematic use of NMSs strongly depended
on the AV and VSL values considered. Nonetheless, the approach seemed to be cost-efective only during AF CA procedures.
1. Introduction
At the present time, the frst-line of therapy for many cardiac
arrhythmias is considered to be radiofrequency catheter
ablation (CA) [1, 2]. Te procedure is regarded by many
electrophysiologists as a safe and an efective procedure with
a high acute success rate; however, it may require an extensive
use of X-ray for catheter placement [3, 4]. Te increased risk
of developing cancer as a result of prolonged X-ray exposure
time is well documented [5].
In the last ffeen years 3D nonfuoroscopic mapping
systems (NMSs) have become established as an important
tool for CA of complex arrhythmias. Studies published in
research literature have, in addition, demonstrated that NMSs
permit a signifcant reduction in X-ray exposure during
standard CA procedures [6–10]. Nevertheless, daily use of
NMSs during standard CA procedures is not a common
practice in many EP Labs and the cost-efectiveness of using
them remains an unknown.
Even with the reality of common practice in this area, the
International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP)
advises the adoption of the As Low As Reasonably Achievable
(ALARA) concept in relation to the basic approach to the use
of fuoroscopy in medicine [11].
Hindawi
BioMed Research International
Volume 2019, Article ID 2427015, 10 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2427015