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Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2016; 4(1): 445-447
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
JEZS 2016; 4(1): 445-447
© 2016 JEZS
Received: 22-11-2015
Accepted: 24-12-2015
Muhammad Arshad
Department of Entomology,
University College of
Agriculture, University of
Sargodha, 40100, Sargodha,
Pakistan.
Muhammad Irfan Ullah
Department of Entomology,
University College of
Agriculture, University of
Sargodha, 40100, Sargodha,
Pakistan.
Ghulam Murtaza
Department of Entomology,
University College of
Agriculture, University of
Sargodha, 40100, Sargodha,
Pakistan.
Mudassar Javed
Department of Entomology,
University College of
Agriculture, University of
Sargodha, 40100, Sargodha,
Pakistan.
Muhammad Hannan Ahmad
Department of Entomology,
University College of
Agriculture, University of
Sargodha, 40100, Sargodha,
Pakistan.
Correspondence
Muhammad Arshad
Department of Entomology,
University College of
Agriculture, University of
Sargodha, 40100, Sargodha,
Pakistan.
Responses of different wheat genotypes against aphid
( Schizaphis graminum R.) and its natural enemies
Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Irfan Ullah, Ghulam Murtaza,
Mudassar Javed, Muhammad Hannan Ahmad
Abstract
In the present study, incidence of aphid and its natural enemies was observed among different wheat
genotypes. The genotype Mairaj-81 possessed maximum aphid population (6.83/tiller) and was proved
the most susceptible as compared to others. The peak population of the aphid was observed on 18 March,
2014 (20.03/tiller) while population of aphid was observed minimum on 08 April, 2014 (0.01/tiller).
Coccinellids and Chrysoperla carnea population was observed maximum (0.08/tiller, 0.44/tiller)
respectively on MILLAT-11. Maximum population of Syrphid fly was observed on Mairaj 2008
(0.11/sweep).
Keywords: Aphid, Wheat genotypes, Coccinellids, Chrysoperla carnea
1. Introduction
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a suitable, nutritious and economical cereal crop. Worldwide,
20% of food calories are provided by wheat crop and also food for about 40% of total world’s
population
[1]
.
In Pakistan, wheat is a major food of Pakistan and grown as a cereal crop, but other plant
material like straw, seed, and bran is used as a feed for livestock as well as used in industries.
Wheat is the 2nd largest cereal crop and contributes more than 12% value added in agriculture
of Pakistan and about 2.6% to GDP
[2]
.
Unfortunately, wheat crop is threatened by number of insect pests like wheat weevil
(Tanymecus indicus), wheat armyworm (Mythimna separata), white ants (Microtermes obesi)
and aphids (Schizaphis graminum R.). Among these insect pests of wheat crop, aphid
(Schizaphis graminum R.) is an important and destructive pest
[3]
.
Aphids effect deeply within the leaf whorl by direct feeding and also inject a toxic material
into plant which ultimately disrupts the chloroplast membrane
[4]
.
To prevent losses caused by aphid, many control measures have been used like cultural,
mechanical and chemical control. Biological control has some discrete advantages to many
other control techniques due to relatively safe, stable and economical. Present study aimed to
investigate the population dynamics of wheat aphids and their natural enemies. The study also
focused on the varietal response of wheat against aphid and their biological control agents.
2. Materials and Methods
The study was conducted at National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad during 2014.
Fourteen genotypes of wheat viz. Pakistan 13, Shahkar 13, NARC 2011, AARI 2011, Punjab
2011, AAS-11, MILLAT-11, NARC 2009, BARC 2009, Chakwal-50, Pirsabak-08, Lasani
2008, Faisalabad 2008 and Mairaj 2008 were selected to check the incidence of aphid and its
natural enemies. The data regarding population of aphids, Coccinellids (larvae and adults),
Chrysoperla carnea, and Syrphid fly adults were recorded from tillers of ten plants selected
randomly from each plot at weekly interval.
For assessment of aphid and its natural enemies, 10 randomly wheat tillers were selected by
carefully examining whole plants.
The data was subjected to statistical analysis (ANOVA) and means were compared using LSD
all pairwise comparison test. Correlation was performed to check the relationship of aphid
population with its natural enemies. All the statistical analysis was performed using Minitab
16.1 software.