280 The Journal for Nurse Practitioners - JNP Volume 8, Issue 4, April 2012
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
A
dolescence is a critical stage of development
that influences future maturity and lifelong
behaviors. During adolescence, high-risk
behaviors, such as substance abuse, depression and suicide,
unhealthy eating, and eating disorders, commonly
emerge. Although multiple variables contribute to the
development of these high-risk behaviors, the research
literature suggests that family meal frequency may be
positively associated with adolescent health.
1-3
The purpose of this study was to assess the knowl-
edge and practice habits of nurse practitioners (NPs)
related to family meals. In this article, a family meal is
defined as a meal when most family members eat
together. The occurrence of at least 5 meals per week is
considered a frequent family meal. The term substance abuse
is defined as use of tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, or other
drugs. The terms extreme weight control behaviors/disordered
eating refer to binge eating and chronic dieting.
DRUG ABUSE
Teens are at risk for drug abuse because the brain of a
teenager is more susceptible to addiction. Preventing drug
use during these formative years is critical.
4
Young people
who drink before the age of 15 are 4 times more likely to
become alcoholics than those who don’t drink before age
21.
5
Research findings from the Columba Addiction and
Substance Abuse (CASA) suggest a young person who
reaches the age of 21 without smoking, using illegal drugs,
or abusing alcohol most likely will not have a problem with
abusing these substances.
2
Fulkerson et al
6
found that the
frequency of family meals is a protective factor (external
developmental asset) that may curtail high-risk behaviors
among youth. Another study suggests that the most influen-
tial people in a teenager’s life who can influence the preven-
tion of these behaviors are their parents.
2
Teenagers who have infrequent family meals are
twice as likely to use tobacco or marijuana and indicate
Benefits of Family Meals
With Adolescents: Nurse
Practitioners’ Perspective
Sharon M. Fruh, FNP-BC, Madhuri S. Mulekar, PhD,
Heather Hall, NNP-BC, Jayne Fulkerson, PhD, Anita King, FNP-BC,
Kenda Jezek, PhD, and Linda Roussel, DSN
ABSTRACT
Participating in at least 5 meals a week as a family can positively impact an adoles-
cent’s life. This study assessed nurse practitioners’ (NPs’) knowledge of family meal
benefits to teens and the time they spent assessing and educating families regarding
family meals. Results suggested that NPs were fairly aware of the benefits, with
younger NPs more knowledgeable than older NPs; however, only a small percentage
of time was spent on assessment and education related to family meal frequency and
benefits. The more knowledgeable the practitioners were on this topic, the more
often they assessed and educated patients.
Keywords: adolescence, family meals, health promotion, unhealthy diets
© 2012 American College of Nurse Practitioners