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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06325-x
1 3
Performance Analysis of MultiACK‑SFAMA for Underwater
Acoustic Networks
S. Ansari
1,2
· J. Poncela
1
· P. Otero
1
· A. Ansari
3
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract
MultiACK-Slotted Floor Acquisition Multiple Access (MultiACK-SFAMA) is a medium
access control (MAC) protocol that has been proposed for underwater acoustic networks
to overcome the problems of repeating the entire Request To Send (RTS) and Clear To
Send (CTS) contention and DATA transmission cycle. In Slotted Floor Acquisition Mul-
tiple Access (S-FAMA), when an acknowledgement (ACK) fails to reach the transmit-
ter, the entire cycle repeats. Multi-ACK mechanism has been analyzed in Shahabudeen
et al. (IEEE J Ocean Eng 39(1):74–89, 2014). We chose to incorporate this mechanism
in S-FAMA to enhance its performance. MultiACK-SFAMA is a modifed version of
S-FAMA and is aimed to avoid that a successful data transmission is wasted because the
acknowledgement is lost, thus saving energy, by using a train of ACKs instead of a single
ACK for each DATA packet. By using MultiACK, the probability that an ACK would be
received successfully increases. In underwater acoustic networks, due to high propagation
delay the cost of losing an ACK is very high and signifcantly impacts the performance of
the protocol. The MultiACK mechanism has been proposed and analyzed to improve the
S-FAMA performance. The MultiACK mechanism increases the probability of receiving
at least one ACK packet by replying with a train of ACK packets. In this paper we present
a mathematical analysis of MultiACK-SFAMA. The paper presents analysis of the perfor-
mance of MultiACK-SFAMA as a function of transmission range, number of nodes and bit
error rates. The results show that the throughput improvement (%) achieved is improved by
using a MultiACK train instead of a single ACK. The MultiACK train improves the prob-
ability of receiving an ACK by 65.05%, for a BER of 0.005 and saves energy.
Keywords Medium access collision avoidance · Slotted foor acquisition multiple access ·
MultiACK-SFAMA · Underwater acoustic networks
* S. Ansari
seema.ansari@iobm.edu.pk
Extended author information available on the last page of the article