PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION (2021) 58(1): 1399-1405 ISSN: 00333077 1399 www.psychologyandeducation.net Sufficiency Economy Philosophy for Sustainable Food Kannikar Khaw-ngern 1 , Nattakitt Udomphol 2 , Lampong Klomkul 3 , Chainarong Khaw-ngern 4 1,2 Faculty of Buddhism, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, 3 Faculty of Education, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, 4 Faculty of Humanities, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University 1 kannikar.khaw@gmail.com, 2 nattakittu@gmail.com, 3 research.mcu@gmail.com, 4 chainarong.kha@mcu.ac.th ABSTRACT Ending hunger, achieving food security, and promoting sustainable agriculture are the goals to be achieved by 2030 according to Sustainable Development Agenda. It aims to achieve the goals through increasing the agricultural productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers which include indigenous peoples, family farmers, pastoralists and fishers. The purpose of this article is to study causes of global hunger and SDGs Goal 2 for the guidelines of ending hunger and to suggest an aligning principle of Sufficiency Economy Philosophy for solutions to hunger. Documentary study and literature review were used for data collection. It is found that Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (SEP), consistent with the SDG2 goal, has produced many best practices for the past two decades. It suggests the model of small farm management under “New Theory” based on Sufficiency Thinking. It provides guidelines for farmers to divide their plots into four sections under the 30:30:30:10 formula for integrated farming. This basic model can be modified to suit different geographical conditions and farm sizes, but it requires farmers to live their life with moderation, respect for, recognition of local knowledge and local management of natural resources. It can be a means to improve the quality of life in rural areas, ensure enough food for present and future generations, and generate sufficient income for farmers. Apart from gaining year-round food security from integrated farming, farmers eventually become debt-free and end hunger. Keywords Sufficiency Economy Philosophy, The New Theory, Sustainable Food, Zero Hunger, Sustainable Development Goals: Goal 2 Article Received: 10 August 2020, Revised: 25 October 2020, Accepted: 18 November 2020 Introduction While the global economy is slowing down and getting worse by the spread of COVID-19, the level of food insecurity and hunger have globally been increasing, which millions of children are suffering from malnutrition. In 2019, 25.9% of world population, about 2 billion people, were affected by moderate or severe food insecurity, which increased from 2014 by 22.4 %. Those who are facing severe food insecurity, around 750 million people, tend to run out of food and, at worst, go a day, or days, without eating. it is a big challenge for every country to eliminate and achieve food security. However, eliminating hunger alone will not ensure that everyone has access to sufficient nutritious food. To alleviate the world hunger and promote food security, countries need to take immediate action to ensure trade flowing, to strengthen food supply chains and to increase agricultural production. Another cause of world hunger is the worsening situations in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. Along with conflict, climate shocks and the locust crisis, COVID-19 poses an additional threat to food systems, indirectly reducing purchasing power and the capacity to produce and distribute food, which affects the most vulnerable populations. In 2020, it also causes up to 132 million more people suffer from undernourishment [1]. The 2030 Agenda recognizes that we can no longer look at food, livelihoods and the management of natural resources separately. The emphasis on rural development and investment in agriculture such as crops, livestock, and fisheries can be powerful tools in eradicating poverty and hunger, and bring about sustainable development. Achieving SDG2 will need commitments, sacrifices and behaviour changes from all of people, but by working together, we can make history and become the Zero Hunger generation [2]. Likewise, the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy’s central goal is to alleviate poverty and hardship. It focuses on human wellbeing rather than wealth which leads to sustainable development in long term. It also emphasizes human security, concentrates on building people’s capabilities, and promote self-reliance. Additionally, the model of small farm management “New Theory” based on Sufficiency Thinking was introduced to farmers to divide their plots into four sections under the 30:30:30:10 formula with the aim to achieve food security and farm productivity. Cause Of Hunger And Solutions There are many causes leading to shortage of food. Even in places where food is plentiful or can be grown, challenges like disasters, conflict or poverty prevent people from accessing it. People in poverty spend the most of their income on food for their families before fulfilling other basic needs or financing long-term goals. In a case of emergency, like illness, they may have to skip their meals and spend the money they have on such emergency. And that make the cycle of hunger begins. (as figure 1) Hunger can also stem from inadequate food systems, like a lack of road infrastructure to connect people to markets, or poor storage facilities, through which food gets wasted before reaches those who need it.