Journal of Applied and Natural Science 11(1): 223- 226 (2019) ISSN : 0974-9411 (Print), 2231-5209 (Online) journals.ansfoundation.org Role of sustainomics and external climate forcing mechanism in biodiversity extinction : An overview Neerja Upadhyaya* Department of Chemistry, S.S. Jain Subodh Girls College, Sanganer, Jaipur – 302011 (Rajasthan), India Ruchi Jain Department of Chemistry, S.S. Jain Subodh Girls College, Sanganer, Jaipur – 302011 (Rajasthan), India R. Upadhyaya SBM-St Xaviers, Bangalore, Karnataka, India *Corresponding author. E-mail: upadhyayaneerja@gmail.com Abstract Over millions of years, physiology and anatomy of the living organisms has been changed due to internal climate forcing mechanism. This has influenced the world wide distribution of species. External climate forcing mechanism has caused rapid rise in earth’s tempera- ture and it is expected to rise by 2-4 °C by the end of the century. It has now been recog- nised as the most complex problem of present scenario and being concerned in almost every field of science. Climate change is the most sensitive issue which is a challenge not only for the government and society but also for each individual. In the present communi- cation impact of external climate forcing mechanism on biodiversity and its extinction is being analysed and role of sustainomics for the same is overviewed. Studies reveal that the rate of speciation of flora and fauna is not in the accordance with the rate of externally enforced climate change. Thus, the increased rate of climate change has caused cata- strophic mass extinction threat for plants, animals and insects in the anthrapocene era. The pattern of extinction and threatened species are not yet known. Various solutions for the problem have been suggested by the multidisciplinary researches, rooted by the sus- tainomics. These suggestions include to diverge from fossil fuel, to use renewables, to make and apply rules for 3Rs etc. Only cooperative involvement of social, scientific and industrial bodies may resolve the problem. Keywords: Biodiversity Extinction threat, External climate forcing mechanism, Speciation, Sustainomics Article Info DOI: 10.31018/jans.v11i1.2009 Received: February 6, 2019 Revised: February 28, 2019 Accepted: March 2, 2019 How to Cite Upadhyaya, N. et al. (2019). Role of sustainom- ics and external climate forcing mechanism in bio- diversity extinction : An overview. Journal of Ap- plied and Natural Science, 11(1): 223-226 INTRODUCTION Biodiversity is invariably significant but facing dan- ger enforced by the climate change. Climate change is the most threatening global challenge for the humanity (Jonathan 2016). This issue be- comes more prominent for the countries which are encompassed in climatic and geological conditions which make them rich in biodiversity. India also belong to the same class and has wide range of biodiversity including marine, Himalayan, desert, indo-gangatic and panasual ecosystem. Adverse effects of climate change on ecosystem had lead to numerous investigations and publica- tions in the related disciplines (Munasinghe 2010; Pimm 2008). Such studies support that rate of climate change has increased drastically as a con- sequence of urbanization and industrial develop- ment. In the recent timeframe every man is con- tributing to this threat which has caused global warming. Combustion of fossil fuel emits near about 40 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide eve- ry year. Even agriculture is the third largest source of carbon dioxide, emission after burning of fossil fuel and transportation, which cannot be reduced in order to fulfil the requirement of food. Global contri- bution of this sector to carbon dioxide emission is increased by about 15% (nearly 5 billion tons per year) in the last two decades (Quéré et al. 2018, Figueres et al., 2018, Jackson et al., 2018). External climate forcing mechanism: Internal climate forcing includes natural changes imposing climate variability. External forcing mechanism is the topic of concern as it has hazardously in- creased the rate of climate change. Conventional industrial resources and urbanization are promi- nent external forces. Consumption of fossil fuel emits green house gases. Such practices result in the disturbances in carbon, nitrogen and water cycles. This has been recognized as the dominat- This work is licensed under Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). © 2018: Author (s). Publishing rights @ ANSF.