~ 484 ~ International Journal of Chemical Studies 2021; 9(1): 484-486 P-ISSN: 2349–8528 E-ISSN: 2321–4902 www.chemijournal.com IJCS 2021; 9(1): 484-486 © 2021 IJCS Received: 22-10-2020 Accepted: 03-12-2020 Rajan Saini School of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India Anaytullah Siddique School of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India Corresponding Author: Anaytullah Siddique School of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India Effect of salicylic acid on growth and yield under abiotic stress: An overview Rajan Saini and Anaytullah Siddique DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2021.v9.i1g.11277 Abstract Biotic and abiotic stresses are the major constraint to limit the production of crops in agriculture. Biotic stress includes attack of insect, pest, bacteria, virus and fungus while extreme and low temperature, drought, flood, salinity and heavy metal stress are the major cause of abiotic stress. The reduction in the performance of plant growth was started from the negative effect of chlorophyll synthesis or degradation under wide range of environmental stress. The generation of harmful free radicles or reactive oxygen species (ROS) like O2, H2O2 and OH. Salicylic acid (SA) improves plant growth and development by improving rate of photosynthesis by protecting the damage of chloroplast, protein and DNA against the wide range of environmental stress including both biotic and abiotic stress. Application of SA also accelerate the production of osmolyte like proline and antioxidant enzymes like CAT, POD, SOD that help to scavenge free radicles safely from the cell. Keywords: Catalase, heat stress, peroxidase, SOD, salicylic acid, salinity, water stress Introduction Biotic and abiotic stresses are very dangerous constraints to limit the production of crops around the word. Biotic stress caused by the attack of insect, pest, fungus, bacteria and virus on the plant while the cause of abiotic stress is heat, cold, drought, salt, flood and heavy metals etc. To avoid such a drastic situation from the field of cultivated land, it is an urgent need to develop either stress tolerance genotypes for specific type of environmental stress or manage / manipulate the adverse situation to cope up with availing situation (Khan et al., 2013b; 2014; Nazar et al., 2015; Fayez and Bazaid, 2014 and Jini and Joseph, 2017) [11, 10, 16, 6, 9] . Hence the production of harmful radicles dissipates safely during the growth and development of plants. There are many chemical compounds, enzymes and hormones are endogenous present inside the plant that may help to ameliorate the adverse situation like Proline, mannitol, sorbitol, salicylic acid, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (Khan et al., 2012 b and Farooq et al., 2009) [12, 5] . Salicylic acid (SA) is a member of phenolic group compound produce automatically inside of the plant that helps to modify physiological, biochemical and molecular events like Photosynthesis, chlorophyll, nitrogen, protein, proline content, SOD, CAT and POD in favour of plants under diverse stress condition both biotic and abiotic situation (Miura and Tada, 2014 and Khan et al., 2013b) [11] . The exogenous application of salicylic acid as seed priming or foliar application is also very effective in same mode of action at each and every stage of plant life from seed germination to the harvesting of crop. Even though the concentration of SA is also having both positive and negative roles against the environmental conditions (Csiszár et al., 2014; Saruhan et al., 2012 and Awate and Gaikwad, 2014) [4, 19, 2] . Role of SA on seed germination, seedling growth and yield under stress condition Seed germination is one the dynamics phase of plant life and on it’s the performance of crop depends. Whereas during this period the morphological, physiological and biochemical changes occurs frequently due to diverse environmental situation. However, the roles of different growth regulator are well known for seed germination like gibberellic acid (GA3), Auxin, ABA, cytokinin and Ethylene (Vishal and Kumar, 2018) [23] . The salicylic acid is one of the members of phenolic group compound having the ability to accelerate or maintain pace of seed germination under adverse environmental stress like salinity and drought stress