ISSN 2354-9114 (online), ISSN 0024-9521 (print)
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol. 49, No.1, June 2017 (1 - 10)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijg.11821, website: https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijg
© 2017 Faculty of Geography UGM and Te Indonesian Geographers Association
Spatial Temporal Analysis of Urban Heat Hazard on Education Area (Univer-
sity of Indonesia)
Adi Wibowo, Jarot Mulyo Semedi and Khairulmaini Osman Salleh
Received: 25 06 2016 / Accepted: 23 01 2017 / Published online: 31 06 2017
© 2017 Faculty of Geography UGM and Te Indonesian Geographers Association
Abstract As education area, campus or university is full with various activities which have an impact on the existence
of land-use or land-cover. Te variation of activities dynamically change the shape of land-use or land-cover within
the campus area, thus also create variations in Land Surface Temperature (LST). Te LST are impacting the coziness
of human activity especially when reaches more than 30 oC. Tis study used the term Urban Heat Signature (UHS)
to explain LST in diferent land-use or land-cover types. Te objective of this study is to examine UHS as an Urban
Heat Hazard (UHH) based on Universal Temperature Climate Index (UTCI) and Efective Temperature Index (ETI) in
University of Indonesia. Termal bands of Landsat 8 images (the acquisition year 2013-2015) were used to create LST
model. A ground data known as Air Surface Temperature (AST) were used to validate the model. Te result showed an
increased level of maximum temperature during September-October since 2013 until 2014. Te maximum temperature
was reduced in October 2014, however it increased again in August 2015. Te UTCI showed “moderate” and “strong
heat stress”, while EFI showed “uncomfortable” and “very uncomfortable” categories during that period. Tis research
concluded that build up area in UI Campus highest temperature on UI campus based on UHS. Range UHS in Campus
UI on 2013 (21.8-31.1oC), 2014 (25.0-36.2oC) and 2015 (24.9-38.2oC). Tis maximum UHS on September (2014 and
2015) put on levelling UTCI included range temperature 32-35oC, with an explanation of sensation temperature is warm
and sensation of comfort is Uncomfortable, Psychology with Increasing Stress Case by Sweating and Blood Flow and
Health category is Cardiovascular Embarrassment. Tis UHS occurs in September will give impact on psychology and
health, that’s become the UHH of the living on education area.
Abstrak Sebagai kawasan pendidikan, kampus atau universitas memiliki berbagai jenis aktivitasi yang mungkin ber-
dampak pada keberadaan penggunaan atau tutupan lahan. Variasi dari aktivitas tersebut secara dinamis dapat merubah
bentuk dari penggunaan atau tutupan lahan di dalam kawasan kampus, yang secara langsung juga dapat berdampak
pada variasi Suhu Permukaan Tanah (SPT). SPT akan berdampak pada kenyamanan aktivitas manusia terutama pada
saat suhu mencapai lebih dari 30 oC. Istilah Urban Heat Signature (UHS) digunakan dalam studi ini untuk menjelaskan
perbedaan SPT pada jenis penggunaan atau tutupan lahan yang berbeda. Tujuan dari studi adalah untuk memeriksa UHS
yang dikategorikan sebagai Bahaya Panas Perkotaan atau Urban Heat Hazard (UHH), yang berdasarkan pada Universal
Temperature Climate Index (UTCI) dan Efective Temperature Index (ETI) di lingkungan kampus Universitas Indonesia.
Saluran thermal pada citra Landsat 8 (periode pengambilan 2013-2015) digunakan untuk membuat model SPT. Data
lapangan atau Suhu Udara Permukaan (SUP) digunakan untuk menguji validitas dari model SPT. Hasil pengolahan data
memperlihatkan kenaikan suhu maksimum selama September-Oktober sejak 2013 hingga 2015. Terjadi penurunan suhu
maksimum pada Oktober 2014, akan tetapi kembali meningkat pada Agustus 2015. Hasil UTCI memperlihatkan kategori
“sedang” dan “tekanan panas kuat”, sementara EFI memperlihatkan kategori “tidak nyaman” dan “sangat tidak nyaman”
pada periode tersebut. Penelitan ini berkesimpulan bahwa wilayah terbangun di Kampus UI memiliki suhu terpanas ber-
dasarkan UHS. Rentang UHS di Kampus UI tahun 2013 (21.8-31.1oC), tahun 2014 (25.0-36.2oC) dan tahun 2015 (24.9-
38.2oC). Suhu Maksimum terjadi pada bulan September (2014 dan 2015) yang menyebabkan level UTCI termasuk rentang
32.0-35.0oC, dengan penjelasan untuk sensasi temperatur termasuk panas dan sensasi nyaman termasuk tidak nyaman,
psikologi termasuk peningkatan stress karena berkeringatdan aliran darah dan kesehatan termasuk Cardiovascular Em-
bararasment. UHS yang terjadi pada bulan September akan berdampak pada keadaan psikologi dan kesehatan, hal ini
menjadikkan UHS sebagai UHH pada area pendidikan.
Keywords: Education Area, Spatial Temporal Analysis , Urban Heat Hazard.
Kata kunci: Analasis Spasial-Temporal, Area Pendidikan, Bahaya Suhu Perkotaan
1.Introduction
Urban heat is a normal phenomenon in the
urban area. It is a consequence of urbanization process
[Mirzaei & Haghighat, 2010], where air temperatures in
densely built cities are higher than the suburban rural
areas [Wong & Chen, 2005]. Others defned urban heat
as a phenomenon of rising air temperature in urban
settings [Ichinose et al, 2008; Kim & Baik, 2005]. Urban
heat has a strong relation with land use/land cover. Te
Land cover had the ability to absorb and reradiate
sunradiation to generated urban heat [Wong & Chen,
2005; Srivanit & Hokao, 2013].
Diferent type of cover will have a diferent level of
emitted heat energy. Previous studies have proved the
relationship between a pattern of urban heat and land
Adi Wibowo, Jarot Mulyo Semedi
Department of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural
Sciences, Universitas Indonesia.
Adi Wibowo, Khairulmaini Osman Salleh
Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences,
University of Malaya, Malaysia.
Correspondent email: adi.w@sci.ui.ac.id/adi.w@siswa.um.edu.my