423
What Really Matters for
Literacy Teacher Preparation?
Victoria J. Risko, Louann Reid
Realizing the power of excellence in literacy teacher education requires
a commitment to programs that ensure equal access to high-quality
preparation for all prospective teachers.
A
s educators, we hold firm beliefs about teach-
ing and teacher preparation. These beliefs are
often expressed quite directly, as when we
claim that high-quality literacy teachers beget high-
quality literacy instruction and, by association, the
quality of teachers depends on the quality of their
preparation.
Too frequently, policymakers blame teacher prep-
aration programs for ineffective literacy instruction.
Also, too frequently, we as literacy teacher educators
fail to advance what we know about optimal prac-
tices that support the process of learning to teach in
pre-K–12 classrooms.
In this article, we as coauthors argue that the
teachers who are likely to be the most successful in
their classrooms are those who have had the great-
est access to high-quality teacher preparation. Such
access holds promise to reach the goal of all stu-
dents having access to the best teachers possible.
Drawing on an extensive analysis of literacy
teacher preparation research (International Literacy
Association [ILA] & National Council of Teachers of
English [NCTE], 2017), we examine the role access
plays in preparing prospective teachers for effective
literacy instruction. This research provides an en-
try into the common goal of taking a “chance to get
[this] right” (Dennis, 2017, p. 395) and to engage edu-
cators in collective conversations about what we be-
lieve are “core features that all [literacy] programs
should have” (Martin & Mulvihill, 2017, p. 81).
Quality Indicators of
Literacy Teacher Preparation
It is an important time in the history of teacher
education to consider what makes a difference in
teacher preparation, especially in the preparation
of teachers who will support their students’ literacy
development. The identification of quality attributes
and their impact on prospective teachers’ learning is
central to designing well-conceived literacy teacher
education courses and programs.
Building on a long history of fostering literacy teach-
er education research, Marcie Craig Post, executive
director of ILA, and Kent Williamson, then executive
director of NCTE, established a task force of literacy
and English teacher education scholars to develop a
narrative that counters mistaken claims about literacy
teacher education. As Williamson explained, “In policy
circles and editorials, the same litany of untruths is re-
peated—the field isn’t changing, they resist innovation
and any form of assessment, teacher preparation does
nothing to get professionals ready for the classroom”
(K. Williamson, personal communication, August 25,
2014). In contrast, there is substantial evidence to
counter deficit views of literacy teacher education.
As cochairs of this task force, we authored the
research advisory Literacy Teacher Preparation (ILA
& NCTE, 2017) in collaboration with the other task
force members, James Hoffman, Luke Rodesiler,
Allison Skerrett, and William Teale, and with contri-
butions from Melanie Shoffner and Vivian Vasquez.
We reported on a convergence of evidence support-
ing links between preparatory practices and out-
comes of teacher learning and teacher practice.
The practices that we identified in the research
advisory and in this article have a history of dem-
onstrated effectiveness across coursework and pro-
grams and hold promise to be sustainable and to
THE INSIDE TRACK
The Reading Teacher Vol. 72 No. 4 pp. 423–429 doi:10.1002/trtr.1769 © 2019 International Literacy Association
Victoria J. Risko is a professor emerita in the Department
of Teaching and Learning at Vanderbilt University,
Nashville, TN, USA; email victoria.j.risko@vanderbilt.edu.
Louann Reid is a professor in and the chair of the
Department of English at Colorado State University, Fort
Collins, USA; email louann.reid@colostate.edu.