Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: HICs, high income countries; LMICs, low–and middle–income countries; PACS, picture archiving and communication system; WHO, World health organization Background According to a world bank and world health organization (WHO) group report, at least half of the world’s population lack access to essential health care services. 1 This has led governments and a growing number of nonproft organizations and corporations committed to addressing this challenge in many parts of the world. 2,3 RAD-AID international is one of these non-proft organizations dedicated to improving and expanding radiology services in low – and middle – income countries (LMICs). 4 This efort is based on a long- standing estimate by WHO, that approximately half to two-thirds of the world’s population has either nonexistent, sparse, or inadequate radiology. 5 The vast majority of the population with limited access to radiology services lives in LMICs of the world. 6-8 While the utilization of radiology has signifcantly increased in high-income countries (HICs), yet access to basic radiology services such as x-ray and ultrasound which can resolve between 70–80 percent of diagnostic problems remain a great challenge in LMICs. 5,9 This disparity in access is termed the “radiology divide” and is largely due to limited fnancial and human resources as well as lack of appropriate device procurement and planning. 10 In addition, disparity in access can impact health outcome and lead to higher rates of undiagnosed and untreated diseases like pneumonia, tuberculosis, cancer, trauma, and congenital abnormalities. Thus, the ultimate objective of any global health radiology initiative, is to optimize and reduce this disparity in access to radiology services and thereby converging health outcomes for health equity across countries, regions and populations. 11,12 In this article we identify challenges, opportunities, and strategies of radiology in global health initiatives in LMICs where resources may be scarce. Global health radiology The term global health is derived from the concept of tropical medicine, public and international health. Although these terms may appear similar and have overlapping defnitions, however they difer in areas of emphasis. Global health is defned as an area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide. It emphasizes transnational health issues, determinants, and solutions; involves many disciplines within and beyond the health sciences and promotes interdisciplinary collaboration; and is a synthesis of population-based prevention with individual-level clinical care. 12 This defnition of global health has been adapted in the specialized area of radiology known as global health radiology to clarifying the various roles and strategies that the radiology community is using to assist resource limited and impoverished communities in the developing world. Based on this defnition, several components of global health became the characteristics that defnes global health radiology as an area for; 13 • Study, research, and practice of radiology for improving health and achieving worldwide health equity • Application of radiology to transnational health issues for identifying determinants and solutions • Multidisciplinary collaboration promoted across radiologic and nonradiologic medical specialties as well as outside the health sciences (such as economics, technology, engineering, business, and social science disciplines) J Cancer Prev Curr Res. 2022;13(1):14‒20. 14 ©2022 Shem et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially. Challenges, opportunities and strategies of global health radiology in low and middle-income countries (LMICs): an excerpt review Volume 13 Issue 1 - 2022 Samuel Laushugno Shem, Anthony Chukwuemaka Ugwu, Ahmed Umdagas Hamidu, Nkubli Bobulin Flavious, Mohammed Zaria Ibrahim, Dlama Joseph Zira Department of Medical Radiography, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria Correspondence: Samuel Laushugno Shem, Department of Medical Radiography, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria, Tel +2347033998473, Email Received: February 02, 2022 | Published: February 24, 2022 Journal of Cancer Prevention & Current Research Method Article Open Access Abstract More than half of the world’s population lack adequate radiology services according to the world health organization. However, radiology plays an important role in public health programs such as tuberculosis, trauma, breast cancer screening, and maternal-infant health. The purpose of our study is to identify challenges, opportunities, and strategies of global health radiology in low- and middle - income countries. The primary challenges confronting radiology in global health are inequality in access to services, injudicious use of existing resources, paucity of appropriate data to inform future strategic planning as well as the establishment and sustainability of radiology. Disparity in access provides increasing opportunity for building radiology infrastructure in region where it is absent or inadequate. To overcome these challenges, certain components of sustainability were identifed as key strategies of global health radiology including economic development, clinical imaging models’ implementation, educational approaches, integration of public health to radiology and technological innovation. Components of global health radiology initiative programs, should consider economic development, good clinical imaging models, education and collaboration of health professionals, the integration of radiology to public health and technological innovations as key sustainable strategies to implementation and optimization of radiology in low middle-income countries. Keywords: global health, radiology, challenges, strategies