JoSSED 2(1) (2021)
Journal of Science and Science Education
http://jppipa.unram.ac.id/index.php/jossed/index
___________
Email: megahati71@gmail.com (*Corresponding author)
Copyright © 2021Author et al..
This open access article is distributed under a (CC-BY License)
Thermozyme Amylase from Enterobacter sp Extremophiles in
Bioethanol Production
Gustina Indriati
1
, Ruth Rize Paas Megahati S.
2*
1
Hiperkes and Work Safety Study Program, STIKES Indonesia, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia
2
Biology Department STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia
DOI: 10.29303/jossed.v2i1.698
Article Info
Received : January 25
th
, 2021
Revised : April 10
th
, 2021
Accepted: April 21th, 2021
Abstract: Bioethanol is an alternative fuel to replace fossil fuels due to the reduction of fossil
fuels. Bioethanol is produced from starch and converted to sugar by thermozyme amylase.
Thermozyme amylase produced by thermophile bacteria can be obtained from Pariangan
hot springs which have a temperature of 55 °C, pH of 9.2, and have a high level of bacterial
diversity. The aim of this study was to obtained isolates of thermozyme amylase-producing
bacteria that have the potential for bioethanol production. The research method were
bacteria isolation, amylase stability test, temperature and pH optimization, and bioethanol
production. The result showed that Enterobacter sp has been isolated from Pariangan hot
springs is stable up to 5 hours of incubation, temperature and pH optimum was 85 °C, pH
8.5, and fructose as a carbon source. Thermozyme amylase converts starch into sugar under
optimum conditions with a yield of 9.8% bioethanol.
Keywords: amylase; bioethanol; extremophiles; Enterobacter sp; Pariangan Hot Spring
Citation: Indriati, G., & Megahati, R. (2021). Thermozyme Amylase from Enterobacter sp Extremophiles in Bioethanol
Production. Journal of Science and Science Education, 2(1), 1-7. doi:https://doi.org/10.29303/jossed.v2i1.698
Introduction
Amylase produced by bacteria or bacteria
amylase is an enzyme that can hydrolyze starch to sugar
(Megahati et al 2017). Amylase can convert starch to
sugar in bioethanol production. Bioethanol is a biofuel
that is renewable and environmentally friendly (Fatoni,
& Zulfahair. 2012). Bioethanol is an alternative fuel to
replace fossil fuels due to the reduction of fossil fuels
(Svetlitchnyi et al., 2013). Bioethanol is used as a gasoline
mixture to become biofuel. The composition of
bioethanol in gasoline in the world has 5% in 2020 and
increased by 20% in 2025.
Generally, bioethanol is produced from starch
and converted to sugar by thermozyme amylase. As a
thermozyme, amylase generally does not undergo
denaturation and is active at high temperatures and is
very stable at normal temperatures (Schiraldi, & Rosa,
2002). Thermozyme amylase is one of the three largest
industrial group enzymes and accounts for
approximately 65% of the world enzyme (Abdullah et al,
2014). Thermophile bacteria are commonly found in
volcanic craters, craters on the ocean floor, and hot
springs. Some hot springs in Indonesia generally have a
pH of 7 or even below 7 or are acidic. In contrast to the
Pariangan hot springs which have a temperature of 47
ºC-51 °C and a pH of 9.2. This causes Pariangan hot
springs to have a high level of bacteria diversity. The aim
of this study was to obtained isolates of thermozyme
amylase-producing bacteria that have the potential for
bioethanol production. Bioethanol as a biofuel is needed
as an alternative fuel to reduce the use of fossil fuels.
Bioethanol can be obtained by utilizing the potency of
thermophile amylase-producing bacteria which will be
carried out in this study. The success of this research is a
finding/innovation that can be applied in the
development and development of science and
technology.