Assessing the human health risk of Baltic Sea sea trout (Salmo
trutta L.) consumption
Halyna Tkachenko, Olha Kasiyan, Piotr Kamiñski, Natalia Kurhaluk
Received – 19 March 2022/Accepted – 30 March 2022. Published online: 31 March 2022; ©Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, Poland
Citation: Tkachenko, H., Kasiyan, O., Kamiñski, P., Kurhaluk, N. (2022). Assessing the human health risk of Baltic Sea sea trout
(Salmo trutta L.) consumption. Fisheries & Aquatic Life 30, 27-43.
Abstract. The current study assessed health risks posed by
exposure to metals from the consumption of Baltic Sea trout
(Salmo trutta L.). Concentrations of essential minerals in sea
trout muscles were determined and compared with the
physiological requirements of these minerals in Polish
nutrition standards, recommended dietary allowances (RDA),
and estimated average requirements (EAR). Chemical
analyses indicated that sea trout was rich in phosphorus,
calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium. The pattern
significance gradation of the element concentrations was as
follows: P>Ca>Mg>Na>K>Fe>Zn>Cu>Se>Mn>Co. Sea trout
consumption can provide a considerable portion of the RDA
of copper, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, iron, and zinc.
The ranking order of the mean toxic element concentrations in
sea trout muscle tissues was As>Pb>Cd>Hg. Potential risk
estimated with the hazard quotient (HQ) indicated that most
metals posed no health risk because they did not exceed
reference doses at HQ < 1. For carcinogenic and
non-carcinogenic effects, the maximum allowable rates of sea
trout consumption were sufficiently high to ensure human
health. According to these data, the consumption of farmed
sea trout from the Baltic Sea in the northern region of
Pomerania, Poland did not pose a risk to human health.
Keywords: fish consumption, sea trout, Baltic Sea, health
risk, human health risk assessment, consumption limits,
target hazard quotients (THQs)
Introduction
The Baltic Sea is one of the world’s most intensively
exploited seas with constant traffic and densely pop-
ulated catchment areas. Large rivers flow into the
Baltic Sea from highly industrialized countries, and
its coasts are used intensively for recreation. Many
economic activities associated with the sea generate
income for the inhabitants of this region (Krek et al.
2018, Raudsepp et al. 2019). Simultaneously, the
Baltic Sea is a unique ecosystem, and its specific
FISHERIES & AQUATIC LIFE (2022) 30: 27 - 43
Archives of Polish Fisheries
DOI 10.2478/aopf-2022-0003
RESEARCH ARTICLE
© Copyright by Stanis³aw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn.
© 2022 Author(s). This is an open access article licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
H. Tkachenko
Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences,
Pomeranian University in S³upsk
Arciszewski Str. 22b, 76-200 S³upsk, Poland
O. Kasiyan
Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
P. Kamiñski
Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruñ, Collegium Medicum in
Bydgoszcz, Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry,
Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection,
M. Sk³odowska-Curie St. 9, PL 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
P. Kamiñski
University of Zielona Góra, Faculty of Biological Sciences,
Department of Biotechnology, Prof. Z. Szafran St. 1,
PL 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
N. Kurhaluk [+]
Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences,
Pomeranian University in S³upsk
Arciszewski Str. 22b, 76-200 S³upsk, Poland
E-mail: natalia.kurhaluk@apsl.edu.pl; Tel +48 511 311 112