Internat. J. Eng. Ed. Vol. 2(1)2020:1-10, Shu-Hung Yang et al. 1 IJEE, Vol. 2(1), June 2020 – ISSN : 2540-9808 Development of a Game-Based e-Learning System with Augmented Reality for Improving Students’ Learning Performance Shu-Hung Yang 1 , Yu-Ying Wang 2 , Ah-Fur Lai 3 , Yi-Nan Lin 4 , Gwo-Jen Chiou 5 , Ming-Kuen Chen 1 , Victor R. L. Shen 6* , Chi-Yen Hsiung 6 1 Indonesia Department of Business Management, National Taipei University of Technology, 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Da’an District, Taipei City, 106 Taiwan 2 Department of Applied Foreign Languages, Jinwen University of Science and Technology, 99, Anzhong Rd., Xindian Dist., New Taipei City 23154, Taiwan 3 Department of Computer Science, University of Taipei, 1,Ai-Guo West Road,Taipei City,10048 Taiwan 4 Department of Electronic Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan. 5 Department of Electrical Engineering, National Formosa University, Huwei Township 632, Yunlin County, Taiwan. 6 Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taipei University, New Taipei City; and Department of Information Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung City, Taiwan. e-mail: rlshen@mail.ntpu.edu.tw or victor.rlshen@msa.hinet.net Abstract - Currently, the school children usually spend a lot of time on the games in their recreational activities and some of them are even addicted to the games. Compared with other extracurricular activities, the e-Learning system reflects the fact that school children are very interested in the games. As a result, educators have lately craved to develop effective teaching activities that allow the school children to learn some subjects and to play the games simultaneously. Therefore, this study is based on an e-Learning system which combines the serious game by Unity3D Game Engine with augmented reality (AR). Students are able to acquire their knowledge and to foster logical skills via this game- based e-Learning system. According to its efficacy and utilities, this study has assessed and compared the game-based e-Learning system with the traditional learning and other e-Learning systems. The experimental results have indicated that the proposed game-based e-Learning system with the excellent average value, 82.10, can outperform other existing systems. Keywords –Magnetic field, Artificial intelligence, Game-based e-Learning, Augmented reality, Performance assessment. Submission: June 4, 2019 Correction: October 5, 2020 Accepted: January 10, 2020 Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijee.2.1.1-10 [How to cite this article: Yang, S.-H., Wang, Y.-Y., Lai, A.-F., Lin, Y.-N., Chiou, G.-J., Chen, M.-K., Shen, V. R. L., Hsiung, C.-Y. (2020). Development of a Game Based e-Learning System with Augmented Reality for Improving Students’ Learning Performance. International Journal of Engineering Education, 2(1), 1-10. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijee.2.1.1-10] 1. Introduction The Ministry of Economic Affairs proposed a project entitled “2014 Project on Applications in Digital Industry and Promotion of Sound Environment”. In the survey of the project, school children’s behaviors for the online games indicated that 70 percent of them considered the games as their first choice. Their recreational activities are highly related to the games [1]. Thus, since some school children are bad at self-control, they would spend a lot of time on the games more than they should. This study aims to set up the serious games that assist in thee-Learning system so that school children are allowed to retain knowledge by playing games. Not only can they learn via textbooks, but also they are able to grasp it by recreational activities, which reflect the concept of game- based learning; in other words, learning by playing [2]. A subject on science and technology concentrates on learning how to observe instances around the environment. But some phenomena in the natural science subject can’t be illustrated in the textbooks, such as the flow of water and the effects of wind on the environment. This kind of problem motivates us to develop the game-based e-Learning system. Furthermore, using augmented reality (AR) is more different from the traditional e-Learning system. It can facilitate the interaction between children and natural science subjects. So, school children are capable of seizing and visualizing the complex concepts of space and abstract