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IEEE CCC Code: 978-1-4244-6019-9/09/$26.00 ©2009 IEEE.
Abstract—E-learning systems such as Computer based
Training (CBT) and Web based Training (WBT) are globally
proving their reliability and importance with respect to
traditional knowledge gaining methods. In healthcare, a huge
potential to apply these techniques is observed and consequently,
new research opportunities are increasingly taking our
attentions (e.g., Telemedicine). The integration of e-learning and
Healthcare systems is expected to leave a huge impact on
countries wherein certain knowledge is hardly available (i.e.,
developing nations). Egypt is the case study selected for having
major problems in healthcare.
This research methodology is qualitative with proof of some
empirical data, gathered from experiments held online for a
group of Egyptian healthcare professionals using two different
delivery techniques of content with the same pedagogical
strategies. In an attempt to analyze the driven results after
delivering this e-course using two different techniques, it was
concluded that the WBT method was better as a more learner-
centered, motivating, content-focused, allowing collaboration
and discussion between peers, at effective timing, however it was
harder to implement. While the CBT method which was
distributed at a larger scale, as a stand-alone solution where
people took at their convenient time and place, but it was neither
interactive nor the objectives were clear, Comparing both
techniques would help future work in this area.
Index Terms—Educational Technology, Training, Computer
aided instruction and Medical Information System.
I. INTRODUCTION
-learning is changing the nature of teaching and learning
by integrating innovative technologies and strategies
allowing more interactivity and motivation to learners.
“E-learning or ‘technology enhanced learning’ describes the
use of technology to support and enhance learning practice”.
[1]. The Egyptian government is supporting e-learning
strongly especially after noticing its potentials to solve and
enhance education and training. Some case studies are there
such as VITI4Kids; a website that offers IT basics in a highly
interactive way for Egyptian children of age 4 to 9 years [2].
On the other hand, the e-learning university in Egypt (EELU);
it is the first in Egypt and in the Middle East which offers a
full online program for undergraduates and postgraduates [3].
Another project called: “Edu Egypt” which is the first of its
kind working within Egyptian universities bridging the gap
1
Amena M A Safwat is a Research Assistant at the Information Technology
Institute (ITI), Egypt (phone: +2 (0)2 3535 5509; e-mail: amenas@iti.net.eg).
2
Amir Pourabdollah is a Research Fellow in the Centre for Geospatial
Science (CGS), University of Nottingham, UK (phone: +44 (0)115 846 6058;
e-mail: Amir.Pourabdollah@nottingham.ac.uk).
between graduates and market opportunities by delivering IT,
interpersonal and lingual skills [4]. Another joint project
between Germany and Egypt provided e-learning solutions
for five years concluding that the two main barriers of e-
learning are that Egyptian students do not like reading or
effective listening. Pinpointing the main benefits of applying
e-learning in Egypt as follows:
1. Better understanding of content, where presentation
techniques engaged students.
2. Collaboration in between students, due to high interactivity.
3. Learner motivation to know more about the subject area
after the huge amount of learning resources being shared.
4. Involvement of students using simulations that is of high
potential to enhance learning. [5]
Without a doubt coping with new technologies is important
but we need to focus on the learning process that is quite
crucial, when it comes to learning using new tools and
techniques. Easily learners forget about the content and get
involved in how the tools look and work. As a result, blended
learning approach proves to be more effective in places (i.e.
Egypt) where face-to-face learning is the most common way
of teaching or training.
The main challenge is developing e-learning materials for
training healthcare professionals, where most of them are
computer illiterates, due to the poor Human-PC interaction in
the medical education system. Addressing this challenge, the
main research objectives are to:
1. Formulate instructional strategies towards developing
suitable content for the target audience.
2. Develop learning objects in a highly interactive way.
3. Integrate the learning objects, producing two delivery
methods: WBT and CBT.
4. Publish both delivery methods online and capture the
results by evaluating learners' level of knowledge,
understanding, and feedback.
5. Draw conclusions based on those experiments targeting
Egypt’s local healthcare professionals.
II. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
A. E-Learning:
Considering the key barriers for successful learning such
as:
1. Learning of science perceived as memorization of facts, not
as developing problem solving skills.
2. Vague relationship between the science learnt in school and
the science problems encountered in life situations.
E-learning for Healthcare Professionals Towards
HIS in Egypt
Amena Safwat
1
and Amir Pourabdollah
2
E