www.ijcmr.com International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research Volume 4 | Issue 5 | May 2017 | ICV (2015): 77.83 | ISSN (Online): 2393-915X; (Print): 2454-7379 1042 A Study on Prevalence of Chronic Insomnia and it’s Association with Medical Co morbidities among Patients Attending General Out Patient Department (OPD) of a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kolkata, India Mausumi Basu 1 , Sita Chatterjee 1 , Abhishek De 2 , Debasish Sinha 3 , Affa Ahamed 4 , Raghunath Misra 5 ORIGInAl ReSeARCH ABSTRACT Introduction: Different studies revealed that between 10% to 30% of adults have insomnia at any given point in time and up to 50% -60% have insomnia in a given year. Study objectives were to fnd out the prevalence of chronic insomnia and related co-morbid medical conditions. Material and Methods: An Institution based descriptive cross sectional study was conducted from 27.02.2017 to 26.03.2017 among 390 patients attended general OPD of a tertiary care teaching hospital of Kolkata using Athens Insomnia Scale by exit interview. Analysis: Epi-info version 6 software and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS Version 16.0. Results: About 45.13% of the study population suffered from chronic insomnia as per AIS Score; this study found a signifcant association of chronic insomnia with hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, heart disease, kidney disease, thyroid disease, asthma and chronic pain and gastritis etc. Conclusion: Every patient should be assessed for sleep pattern, screened for insomnia and should give adequate counselling for the same. Keywords: Insomnia, Medical Co Morbidities, Athens Insomnia Scale InTRODuCTIOn The word “insomnia” comes from Latin words “in”(no) and “Somnus”(sleep). Insomnia disorder is defned as a subjective perception of diffculty with sleep initiation, duration, consolidation, or quality, which occurs despite adequate opportunity for sleep, and which results in some form of daytime impairment, and is considered a major important public health problem. 1-3 As per duration, insomnia is of three types- transient (symptoms lasts for less than one week), acute (inability to consistently sleep well for a period of one –four weeks/less than a month) and chronic (symptoms are present for at least 3 nights/week for at least 1 months, and not be linked to other sleep, medical, or mental disorders). 4,5 Conditions that can result in insomnia include psychological stress, chronic pain, heart failure, hyperthyroidism, heartburn, restless leg syndrome, menopause, certain medications, and drugs such as caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol. 6 Insomnia can be grouped into primary and secondary insomnia. 1 Primary insomnia includes the following clinical entities: (a) idiopathic insomnia,(b) psycho-physiologic insomnia,(c) paradoxical insomnia. Secondary insomnia includes the following clinical entities: (a) adjustment insomnia,(b) inadequate sleep hygiene; (c) insomnia due to a psychiatric disorder; (d) insomnia due to a medical condition; (e) insomnia due to a drug or substance. 6 Worldwide epidemiological studies assessed the prevalence of insomnia without restrictive criteria as 33% in general population; 7 when frequency was used to determine the presence of insomnia around countries, it was 17%-34%; 8,9 using severity it was 18% 10 and symptoms with daytime consequence was around 16%. 9 Thus overall globally different studies revealed that between 10% to 30% of adults have insomnia at any given point in time and up to 50% -60% have insomnia in a given year. 11-13 Much of this variation in prevalence may be explained by the use of different defnitions of insomnia in these studies. 14 Epidemiological studies on insomnia have been undertaken in different populations: primary care offces, out-patient clinics, cohorts and general populations. 14 Consistent risk factors for insomnia are increasing age(older than 60) 13,15 , female sex 12,13 , medical and mental comorbidity 11,13 , night shift work, emotional stress, unemployment and lower socioeconomic status. 13 The consequences of insomnia are depression, reduced work performance, work- related/motor vehicle accidents, and overall poor quality of life. 16 Majority of studies about chronic insomnia were conducted abroad and there is sparse data available regarding the prevalence of insomnia in Indian patients. With this background this cross- sectional, epidemiological study, was conducted to fnd out the prevalence of chronic insomnia and related co-morbid medical conditions. MATeRIAl AnD MeTHODS An Institution based observational descriptive study, cross- sectional in design was carried out from 27.02.2017 to 26.03.2017, a duration of 28 days (4 weeks) at General OPD of a tertiary care teaching hospital of Kolkata. Study population was patients attending the general OPD of a Tertiary care teaching hospital of Kolkata, West Bengal, India during the data 1 Associate Professor, 2 Demonstrator, 3 Assistant Professor, 4 Demonstrator, 5 Professor and HOD, IPGME and R, Department of Community Medicine, Kolkata, India Corresponding author: Dr. Mausumi Basu, Associate Professor, IPGME and R, Department of Community Medicine, Kolkata, India How to cite this article: Mausumi Basu, Sita Chatterjee, Abhishek De, Debasish Sinha, Affa Ahamed, Raghunath Misra. A study on prevalence of chronic insomnia and it’s association with medical co morbidities among patients attending general out patient department (OPD) of a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata, India. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research 2017;4(5):1042-1047.