Copyright@ Oleksii Potapov | Biomed J Sci & Tech Res | BJSTR. MS.ID.006213. 30740 Research Article ISSN: 2574 -1241 Simulation of a Laparoscopic Major Vessel Injury in a Live Animal Model Oleksii Potapov 1 *, Miguel Angel Sanchez Hurtado 2 , Idoia Díaz Güemes 2 , Francisco Miguel Sánchez Margallo 2 , Marco V Marino 3 and Andrzej L Komorowski 4 1 Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Center for Innovative Medical Technologies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine 2 Laparoscopy Department, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center Jesús Usón, Cáceres, Spain 3 Department of General and Oncologic Surgery, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy 4 Chair of General Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland *Corresponding author: Oleksii Potapov, Center for Innovative Medical Technologies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Voznesenskii uzviz 22, Kiev, Ukraine DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2021.38.006213 ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received: September 08, 2021 Published: September 17, 2021 Citation: Oleksii Potapov, Miguel Angel Sanchez Hurtado, Idoia Díaz Güemes, Francisco Miguel Sánchez Margallo, Marco V Marino, Andrzej L Komorowski. Simula- tion of a Laparoscopic Major Vessel Injury in a Live Animal Model. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res 38(5)-2021. BJSTR. MS.ID.006213. Keywords: Animal Model; Laparoscopic Simulation; Major Vessel Damage; Lapa- roscopic Training Objective: Iatrogenic injury to major vessels is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication during laparoscopic hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery. This experimental study aimed to assess the usefulness of an in-vivo animal model for the management of such injuries. Methods: During three editions of advanced live animal laparoscopy courses 12 participants were exposed to 19 intraoperative iatrogenic vessel injuries. The participants were free to control the bleeding using maneuvers of their choice. The participants’ heart rate was measured, and their movements were video recorded. The study was evaluated by all participants using a Visual Analogue Scale at the end of the course. Results: Temporary vessel control was obtained in all cases. One animal died due to relapse of bleeding. Heart rate (HR) of participants ranged from 52 to 97 per minute before the task and from 75 to 120 per minute during the task. Eleven participants gave this exercise a 5/5 score and one gave it a score of 3/5. The HR was higher in experienced surgeons vs. inexperienced residents although this difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: In-vivo pig and sheep model can be used for training in major bleeding control during HPB surgery. It is highly appreciated by trainees. It seems that stress level during advanced exercises is higher in experienced surgeons than in beginners. Introduction Iatrogenic injury to major vessels with the ensuing bleeding is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication during laparoscopic major HPB surgery. The most commonly injured vessels are aorta, the iliac vessels, and the inferior vena cava [1]. Contrary to traditional approach suggesting immediate conversion to open surgery it is suggested nowadays that this kind of injury and bleeding should be approached laparoscopically [2]. An obvious requirement for such an approach is an appropriate training [3]. Advanced laparoscopy training currently includes box-trainers [4], virtual reality training [5], live animal training [6] and training that combines all of the above [7]. Unfortunately, the majority of training modalities in laparoscopy concentrate on purely technical