International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies
ISSN 2028-9324 Vol. 17 No. 4 Sep. 2016, pp. 1120-1124
© 2016 Innovative Space of Scientific Research Journals
http://www.ijias.issr-journals.org/
Corresponding Author: Latifa Boudine 1120
Antifungal activity of oregano essential oil and thymol against some fungi isolated from
corn grains
Latifa Boudine
1
, Bouchra Louaste
1
, Noureddine Eloutassi
2
, Najat Chami
1
, Fouzia Chami
1
, and Adnane Remmal
1
1
Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Faculté des Sciences Dhar Mahraz, Fès, Maroc
2
Laboratoire des Sciences de la vie et de la terre, Centre Régional des Métiers de l’Education et de la Formation, Fès, Maroc
Copyright © 2016 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ABSTRACT: The development of fungi in stored grains present a health risk to customers due to their ability to produce and
accumulate mycotoxins. Then, chemical antifungal agents are applied to grains to reduce their contamination by molds. The
aim of the present study was to evaluate the antifungal potency of oregano essential oil and thymol on some species of fungi
involved in corn spoilage. Molds were isolated, and then identified by their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics after
cultivation on standard media. The antifungal activity of oregano essential oil and tymol was conducted by broth dilution
method. The mold species isolated were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., and Mucor sp.
Oregano essential oil and thymol demonstrate an antifungal effect against all these isolates. These compounds may be useful
as alternative in limiting or preventing the development of harmful fungi and mycotoxins in food.
KEYWORDS: Fungi, corn, oregano essential oil, thymol, antifungal activity.
1 INTRODUCTION
Corn grains provide an excellent substrate for the growth of molds and subsequent synthesis of mycotoxins [1], [2]. The
most frequent fungal contaminants belonged to Penicillium, Aspergillus and Fusarium. The presence of these molds is also a
health risk to consumers due to their ability to produce and accumulate mycotoxins [3], [4], [5]. It is therefore necessary to
use antifungal agents to reduce this fungal contamination. Frequent use of these antifungal agents led to the emergence of
resistant strains to these agents, as well as the presence of toxic residues in grains [6], [7], [8]. Therefore, the search for
alternative drugs with low resistance substantial attention has focused on natural products with antifungal properties.
Several studies have shown that essential oils (EOs) have an inhibitory effect on the growth of many fungi that
contaminate several foodstuffs [9], [10].
The objective of our study was twofold: Firstly, it attempts to isolate and identify some molds that contaminated corn
grains. Secondly, it purports to evaluate the antifungal effect of oregano EO and thymol against some fungi species isolated
from corn.
2 MATERIAL AND METHODS
2.1 MATERIAL
The maize used in this study is a local variety destined to animal alimentation. It was provided by Alf Sahel-Fes, Morocco.