Local Wisdom and Sumatran Tiger in Leuser-Ulu Masen Landscape: A Study in Mane Sub-district of Aceh Province Ali Bangun Gea 1 , Badaruddin 2 , Ma’rifatin Zahrah 3 {alibangungea@gmail.com 1 , badaru_69@yahoo.com 2 , titienmirza@yahoo.com 3 } 1 Student of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, Post-graduate School, University of Sumatera Utara, Jl. Prof. Maas No.1 Kampus USU, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia 2 Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Sumatera Utara, Indonesia 3 Faculty of Forestry, University of Sumatera Utara, Indonesia Abstract. Leuser Ulu-Masen landscape is considered to be a very important habitat for Sumatran Tiger. Mane Sub-district in Aceh Province, part of Leuser-Ulu Masen landscape, is identified as an area that has strong local wisdom characteristics in forest management. The objectives of this research were to analyze the perception of local community to the existence of tiger, analyze local wisdom arising from the presence of tigers, analyze mitigation of local community to human-tiger conflict in our study area. Hunting of all wildlife in this forest area is strictly prohibited. We realized role of customary law which prohibits wildlife hunting activities will have a good impact on the conservation of Sumatran tigers. We strongly recommend this model of natural resource management in our research location (based on good local wisdom) be implemented in other areas, especially in areas that have high human-tiger intensity and high density of tiger in human-dominated area. Keywords: Sumatran Tiger, Leuser-Ulu Masen, local wisdom, Mukim Lutueng, tiger aceh. 1. Introduction Tiger conservation is critically important for Indonesia. As the charismatic megafauna [1], [2], tiger can be used to achieve environmental conservation goals in the world as flagship and umbrella species in a forest ecosystem. After the Balinese tiger (Panthera tigris balica) and Javan tiger (Panthera tigris sondaica) were declared extinct [3], [4], Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) is the last subspecies that only lives in wild on the Indonesian island of Sumatra [5]. The importance of Sumatran tiger conservation is quite extensive from the standpoints of ecology, politics, law and policy, socio-cultural, economic and for scientific purposes [6]. Conservation programme for Sumatran tiger is a must. In our National Tiger Recovery Program (NTRP), Indonesia has committed to doubling tiger population and protect their habitats in several tiger conservation landscape priorities [7]. Leuser Ulu-Masen landscape is considered a very important habitat for Sumatran Tiger. This 'global priority' landscape is the largest habitat (± 3,3 million ha) and have more than 100 Sumatran tiger individuals living in wild, which has the potential for long-term survival [8]. Most of these landscapes are in Aceh Province, so it can be recognized that Leuser-Ulu masen is a forest cover in Aceh province. Since 2010, Aceh Province has been categorized as one of the provinces with the highest level of human-tiger conflict (HTC) [5]. Therefore, reducing conflict between humans and tigers caused by humans can be an important factor in the success of tiger conservation [9], [10], especially by knowing how the local community behaves around the tiger habitat. ICASI 2019, July 18-19, Banda Aceh, Indonesia Copyright © 2019 EAI DOI 10.4108/eai.18-7-2019.2288638