ACEEE Int. J. on Network Security, Vol. 01, No. 03, Dec 2010 7 © 2010 ACEEE DOI: 01.IJNS.01.03.40 Modified Epc Global Network Architecture of Internet of Things for High Load Rfid Systems Atishay Jain 1 , Ashish Tanwer 2 Computer Science Department Thapar University, Patiala – 147001, India Email: atishay811@gmail.com Electronics and Communication Department, Thapar University, Patiala – 147001, India Email: ashishtanwer@gmail.com Abstract- This paper proposes a flexible and novel architecture of Internet of Things (IOT) in a high density and mobility environment. Our proposed architecture solves the problem of over-loading on the network by monitoring the total number of changed objects changing global location crossing the fringe boundaries rather than the actual number of objects present or those that move within the local area. We have modified the reader architecture of the EPCglobal Architecture. The components and the working of the model has been illustrated in detail. We have also discussed the physical implementation of our model taking the examples of a smart home sample application and the performance results have been tabulated and represented graphically. Index Terms-- Internet of Things, RFID, Smart Home Application, Modified EPCGlobal Architecture I. INTRODUCTION The Barcode for tagging items is being replaced by RFID, the new generation Auto ID technology which is a realtime alternative that uses wireless communication to uniquely identify and track an object. It was invented in 1948 and was first-used during the II nd World War by the US Army for identification of friend or foe (IFF) aircrafts. The technology has found usage in many industry sectors and application like airline baggage tracking, automated vehicle identification and toll collection. A RFID system basically consists of a Tag, a Reader and an antenna. The RFID Tag is a transponder with a silicon microchip for storing large amounts of data which is used to uniquely identify the tagged item. Tags can be either active or passive. Passive tags are read only, gain their power from that generated by a reader. The reading range is typically shorter up to 30 feet (3 meters) and the data storage capacity is comparatively less (96/128 bits) as compared to active tags. Active tags have both read/write capability and are powered by means of battery. This battery-supplied power enables data to be read and written on to a tag and thus gives it a greater reading range up to 300 feet (100 meters) and large data storage capacity (128 KB). Some popular frequency ranges or RFID and their applications are given in Table1. There are a number of existing (ISO) and proposed RFID standards (EPC Global) that have different data content, use different protocols and have different applications as shown in Table 2. With the adoption of Gen 2 ePC (UHF) standards, the adoption of RFID systems is now a major tool for supply chain management. TABLE I: RANGES AND APPLICATIONS OF RFID Frequency Range Characteristics Applications Low Frequency 125 – 300 kHz Short range (To 18 inches) Low reading speed Livestock ID Reusable containers High Frequency 13.56 MHz Medium range (3-10 feet) Medium reading speed Access Control Airline Baggage ID Library automation Ultra High Frequency 400 MHz–1 GHz High range (10 – 30 feet) High reading speed Orientation sensitive Supply chain management & Container Tracking Microwave Frequency > 1 GHz Medium range (10+ feet) Automated Toll Collection Vehicle Identification TABLE II: RFID STANDARDS Specification Description Frequency ePC UHF Class O 64-bit factory programmed 900 MHz ePC UHF Class 1 96/128 bit one-time programmable 860-930 MHz ePC HF Class 1 96/128 bit one-time programmable 13.56 MHz ePC UHF Gen 2 96/128 bit one-time- Programmable 860-960 MHz ISO 18000-3 Item Management 13.56 MHz ISO 18000-4 Item Management 2.4 GHz ISO 18000-6 Item Management 860-960 MHz The RFID reader can be • Fixed RFID reader like UHF standard • Multi antenna RFID reader for supporting several appliances and even can be • Handheld mobile RFID (MRFID) readers The internet of Things (IOT) is a networked interconnection of objects. It is global expansion wireless Electronic Product Code (EPC) network implemented through RFID tags [3] or QR Codes.