P.L.P. Rau (Ed.): CCD/HCII 2013, Part I, LNCS 8023, pp. 420–429, 2013.
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
Affective Fusion of PAD Model-Based Tactile Sense:
A Case Study of Teacups
Jui-Ping Ma, Mei-Ting Lin, and Rungtai Lin
Graduate School of Creative Industry Design, National Taiwan University of Arts
New Taipei City 22058, Taiwan
rupm08@gmail.com, gua_gua@mail2000.com.tw, rtlin@ntua.edu.tw
Abstract. This study explores on emotion and perception of teacups in subject
teams of sighted people and blind people through the tactile sense. Two subject
teams are arranged individually to touch the teacups one by one separated by
curtains in a room. After observing and investigating, PAD emotion scale will
be applied to evaluate emotion of participants. The researcher explores whether
haptic sense effect is produced from participants' tactual behavior with one set
teacup. The finding is shown that: (1). The emotional effects of the blind sub-
jects are more extreme than the sighted subjects in pleasure and arousal dimen-
sions; (2). A teacup with oblique relief texture can make the unsighted subjects
more pleasure emotions; (3). A straight line makes the blind subjects more un-
certainty feelings and result in a negative emotional state; (4). Compare to the
unsighted subjects, there is only a little difference between positive and nega-
tive emotion in the pleasure state of sighted subjects.
Keywords: Haptic, PAD scale, Emotion.
1 Introduction
Human being received most of 80% information and messages through sight [5].
That is the reason why researchers have taken much more time and energy devoting
to the study of picture perception in vision than in touch [15]. However, affective
expression of people is naturally communicated by multiple body sense organs [6].
Differently, the blind must contact everything from tactile and hearing sense. Recent-
ly, some researchers have represented that distinct emotions such as anger, fear, hap-
piness, sympathy, love, and gratitude can be formed by touching communicating [9].
Moreover, the emotions communicated by haptic is commensurate to facial and vocal
displays of emotion [10]. It is known that the blind will be more sensitive than sighted
people caused by their impaired vision that resulting in penetrative tactile of hands.
That is, to survey the tactile actions of blind people seems to infer their state of emo-
tion and perception.
In this paper, we engaged in participant-observation to observe and record beha-
viors of subjects on touching with the teacups. Then we measure emotion and percep-
tion of the tactile sense by using PAD model, validate PAD theory’s correctness and
applicability in haptic area and verify its feasibility.