Computational and Applied Mathematical Sciences 4 (1): 14-19 2019
ISSN 2222-1328
© IDOSI Publications, 2019
DOI: 10.5829/idosi.cams.2019.14.19
Corresponding Author: Abdul Karim, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sonargaon University, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh.
14
Computational Analysis of Blood Flow Through the
Human Artery with Axi-Symmetric Blockage
Abdul Karim,, Samia Taher, Mohammed Nizam Uddin and Md. Abdul Hakim Khan
1 2 3 4
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sonargaon University,
1
Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh
Faculty of Science and Humanities, Bangladesh Army International University of
2
Science and Technology, Cumilla-3501, Bangladesh
Department of Applied Mathematics, Noakhali Science and Technology University,
3
Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh
Department of Mathematics, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology,
4
Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
Abstract: An axi-symmetric model was developed and validated for hemodynamic pulsatile blood flow through
a symmetrically stenosed artery. The blood flow was considered to be a Newtonian fluid, designed for a 2D
idealized elastic arteries and is characterized as a steady, laminar, incompressible and unidirectional flow
velocity at the inflow and various values of blood-pressure at the outflow, while the arterial walls as well as the
surrounding muscles were modeled as a hyperelastic neo-Hookean material. The results were obtained for axial
velocities, total flow rate, pressure gradient and wall shear stresses (WSS). The result showed significant
strengthened WSS at the stenotis throat and weakened WSS at the distal side of stenosis neck. It is found that
the increase of stenosis size (height) increased the pressure drop and WSS, whereas velocity and flow rate
decreased. The wall deformation and WSS play an important role in the flow mechanics of the blood in the
stenosed artery. This work may enhance to regulate the blood flow in hypertensive patients and those who
have blockage in their arteries. Such kind of computational work may be helpful for the physiologists to treat
their patients more accurately and more effectively.
Key words: Hemodynamics Blood Human Artery Wall Shear Stress
INTRODUCTION geometry of the stenosis and upstream Reynolds number.
A very common fact, now-a-days, is the abnormal
growths in the lumen of the arterial wall developed at
various locations of the cardiovascular system. Stenosis
is one of the most widespread arterial diseases [1].
A schematic of human normal and stenosed artery is
shown in Fig. 1. The fluid dynamical factors play an
important role in the development of such arterial
diseases. The interest in hemodynamic studies, in recent
years, has grown appreciably due to the fact that many
cardiovascular diseases are closely related to the flow
conditions in the blood vessels [2]. A steady flow
through an axisymmetric stenosis has been investigated
extensively by Smith [3] using an analytical approach
indicating that the flow patterns strongly depend on the
Realizing the fact that the pulsatile nature of the flow
cannot be neglected, many theoretical analysis and
experimental studies of the flow through stenosis have
been performed [4-5]. In most of these studies, the flowing
blood is assumed to be Newtonian. The assumption of the
Newtonian behavior of blood is acceptable for a high
shear rate flow in the case of a flow through larger
arteries. It has now been well accepted that blood, being
a suspension of cells, behaves like a non-Newtonian
fluid at a low shear rate in smaller arteries under certain
flow conditions [6-7]. Some researchers [8-9] propounded
that for blood flowing through small vessels there is
an erythrocyte-free plasma (Newtonian) layer adjacent
to the vessel wall and a core layer of a suspension of
all erythrocytes (non-Newtonian). Accepting this idea,