Research Article
The Use of Adaptive Traffic Signal Systems
Based on Floating Car Data
Vittorio Astarita, Vincenzo Pasquale Giofrè, Giuseppe Guido, and Alessandro Vitale
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 46B, 87036 Rende, Italy
Correspondence should be addressed to Vittorio Astarita; vittorio.astarita@unical.it
Received 13 February 2017; Accepted 11 April 2017; Published 11 May 2017
Academic Editor: Paolo Barsocchi
Copyright © 2017 Vittorio Astarita et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Tis paper presents a simple concept which has not been, up to now, thoroughly explored in scientifc research: the use of
information coming from the network of Internet connected mobile devices (on vehicles) to regulate trafc light systems. Tree
large-scale changes are going to shape the future of transportation and could lead to the regulation of trafc signal system based on
foating car data (FCD): (i) the implementation of Internet connected cars with global navigation satellite (GNSS) system receivers
and the autonomous car revolution; (ii) the spreading of mobile cooperative Web 2.0 and the extension to connected vehicles; (iii)
an increasing need for sustainability of transportation in terms of energy efciency, trafc safety, and environmental issues. Up
to now, the concept of foating car data (FCD) has only been extensively used to obtain trafc information and estimate trafc
parameters. Trafc lights regulation based on FCD technology has not been fully researched since the implementation requires
new ideas and algorithms. Tis paper intends to provide a seminal insight into the important issue of adaptive trafc light based on
FCD by presenting ideas that can be useful to researchers and engineers in the long-term task of developing new algorithms and
systems that may revolutionize the way trafc lights are regulated.
1. Introduction, State of Art, and Contribution
1.1. Introduction. In this paper, we introduce the use of
FCD to regulate trafc lights. It must be noted that the
approach of this paper goes in a diferent direction from many
recent research papers in the adaptive trafc signal sector.
Consensus is established on the fact that new connectivity
technologies with Vehicle-to-Infrastructure, infrastructure
to vehicle, and vehicle-to-vehicle communications will pave
the way for new adaptive trafc signal systems. Tere is
no agreement on how this will happen and there are many
diferent proposals tested in simulation.
Originally, trafc adaptive systems were based on the tra-
ditional idea of sensors that can count vehicles approaching
intersections. Recent developments of this kind of idea have
introduced wireless sensors that can be placed easily, where
necessary, further extending this concept. A recent example
is in Tubaishat et al. [1] where adaptive trafc light control is
obtained with a network of wireless sensors deployed on the
entering/exiting lanes of the intersections.
Instead, the idea of this paper is to use information com-
ing from the vehicles that would localize themselves through
GNSS (or other terrestrial localization radio systems) and
then communicate positions and speeds to a central control
unit.
Moreover, another recent concept has been discussed
in a new stream of literature where recent works have
been centered on using Advisory Speed Limit (ASL) control
strategies. An example is Stevanovic et al. [2] or in Ubiergo
and Jin [3] where Vehicle-to-Infrastructure communication
is the base underlying the application of an ASL strategy with
the efect of smoothing vehicle trajectories and reducing total
travel time.
ASL technology is very promising given the new connec-
tivity technologies that will be introduced in newly produced
cars.
It is the opinion of the authors that even though ASL
systems are useful there is more collective advantage to
proceed mainly by regulating trafc lights according to trafc
Hindawi
Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing
Volume 2017, Article ID 4617451, 13 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4617451