1 UPGRADE is the European Journal for the Informatics Professional, published bimonthly at <http://www.upgrade-cepis.org/> Publisher UPGRADE is published on behalf of CEPIS (Council of European Professional Informatics Societies, <http://www.cepis.org/>) by NOVÁTICA <http://www.ati.es/novatica/>, journal of the Spanish CEPIS society ATI (Asociación de Técnicos de Informática <http://www.ati.es/>). UPGRADE is also published in Spanish (full issue printed, some articles online) by NOVÁTICA, and in Italian (abstracts and some articles online) by the Italian CEPIS society ALSI <http://www.alsi.it> and the Italian IT portal Tecnoteca <http://www.tecnoteca.it/>. UPGRADE was created in October 2000 by CEPIS and was first published by NOVÁTICA and INFORMATIK/INFORMATIQUE, bimonthly journal of SVI/FSI (Swiss Federation of Professional Informatics Societies, <http://www.svifsi.ch/>). Editorial Team Chief Editor: Rafael Fernández Calvo, Spain, <rfcalvo@ati.es> Associate Editors: • François Louis Nicolet, Switzerland, <nicolet@acm.org> • Roberto Carniel, Italy, <carniel@dgt.uniud.it> Editorial Board Prof. Wolffried Stucky, CEPIS Past President Prof. Nello Scarabottolo, CEPIS Vice President Fernando Piera Gómez and Rafael Fernández Calvo, ATI (Spain) François Louis Nicolet, SI (Switzerland) Roberto Carniel, ALSI – Tecnoteca (Italy) English Editors: Mike Andersson, Richard Butchart, David Cash, Arthur Cook, Tracey Darch, Laura Davies, Nick Dunn, Rodney Fennemore, Hilary Green, Roger Harris, Michael Hird, Jim Holder, Alasdair MacLeod, Pat Moody, Adam David Moss, Phil Parkin, Brian Robson. Cover page designed by Antonio Crespo Foix, © ATI 2003 Layout: Pascale Schürmann E-mail addresses for editorial correspondence: <rfcalvo@ati.es>, <nicolet@acm.org> or <rcarniel@dgt.uniud.it> E-mail address for advertising correspondence: <novatica@ati.es> Upgrade Newslist available at <http://www.upgrade-cepis.org/pages/editinfo.html#newslist> Copyright © NOVÀTICA 2004. All rights reserved. Abstracting is permitted with credit to the source. For copying, reprint, or republication permission, write to the editors. The opinions expressed by the authors are their exclusive responsibility. ISSN 1684-5285 Vol. V, No. 2, April 2004 2 From the Editors’ Desk The UPGRADE European Network: N przywitanie / Welcome! The members of the Editorial Team of UPGRADE describe the aims and scope of the network of journals of CEPIS member societies, whose contents will enrich ours and offer a broader European view of ICT to our readership. Joint issue with NOVÁTICA* 3 Presentation UML: The Standard Object Modelling Language – Jesús García-Molina, Ana Moreira, and Gustavo Rossi The guest editors introduce the monograph, that includes a series of papers that reflect the state of the art of UML (Unified Modeling Language). These papers illustrate different aspects of UML, ranging from use cases to UML formalization, meta-modelling, profile definition, model quality, model engineering and MDA (Model Driven Architecture.) 6 An Introduction to UML Profiles – Lidia Fuentes-Fernández and Antonio Vallecillo- Moreno This paper describes a set of steps to create a profile and argue the importance of profiles in MDA. 14 Aspect-Oriented Design with Theme/UML – Siobhán Clarke The author describes her approach “Theme” to extending the UML in order to support the modularisation of a designer’s concerns, including crosscutting ones. 21 In Search of a Basic Principle for Model Driven Engineering – Jean Bézivin This article offers an interesting look at the essential features of this new software development paradigm. 25 The Object Constraint Language for UML 2.0 – Overview and Assessment – Heinrich Hussmann and Steffen Zschaler This paper, authored by members of the OCL 2.0 team, gives an overview of the new aspects of the second version of this language and also provides a critical discussion of a few selected aspects of it. 29 Developing Security-Critical Applications with UMLsec. A Short Walk-Through – Jan Jürjens The problems of creating high-quality critical systems is analysed in this paper, that shows how using UML modelling can help solve them and presents a tool to support the proposed approach. 36 On the Nature of Use Case-Actor Relationships – Gonzalo Génova-Fuster and Juan Llorens-Morillo In this paper some issues are addressed that regard the relationships in which use cases and actors may take part, presently defined in UML as associations. 43 Metrics for UML Models – Marcela Genero, Mario Piattini-Velthuis, José-Antonio Cruz-Lemus, and Luis Reynoso This paper offer a vision of the state of the art of metrics for measuring quality of some basic UML diagrams (such as class, state and use case diagrams) and OCL expressions. 49 Using Refactoring and Unification Rules to Assist Framework Evolution – Mariela I. Cortés, Marcus Fontoura, and Carlos J.P. de Lucena In their paper the authors use UML-F, a UML designed for describing frameworks, to present two techniques aimed at facilitating framework maintenance and evolution. UPGRADE European Network From “Pro Dialog” (Poland): 56 Parallel Programming Support System for Transputers – Educational Software – Mikolaj Szczepanski and Rafal Walkowiak The paper presents a method for integrating applications data, aimed at data aggregation and transfer in software applications when integration of those applications has to be fast and should be done with minimum source code modifications. News Sheet 61 ENISA: The European Network and Information Security Agency created 61 News from EUCIP and ECDL * This monograph will be also published in Spanish (full issue printed; summary, abstracts and some articles online) by NOVÁTICA, journal of the Spanish CEPIS society ATI (Asociación de Técnicos de Informática) at <http://www.ati.es/ novatica/>, and in Italian (online edition only, containing summary abstracts and some articles) by the Italian CEPIS society ALSI and the Italian IT portal Tecnoteca at <http://www.tecnoteca.it>. UML and Model Engineering Guest Editors: Jesús García-Molina, Ana Moreira, and Gustavo Rossi Mosaic Next issue (June 2004): “Digital Signature” (The full schedule of UPGRADE is available at our website)