Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-2107-y
ORIGINAL PAPER
Ecological quality assessment of Kor River in Fars Province using
macroinvertebrates indices
J. Aazami
1
· H. Moradpour
1
· A. Zamani
1
· N. Kianimehr
1
Received: 12 August 2018 / Revised: 15 October 2018 / Accepted: 8 November 2018
© Islamic Azad University (IAU) 2018
Abstract
Modifcations in the ecological structure of macroinvertebrate communities could refect changes in environmental condi-
tions. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to identify macroinvertebrate assemblage and evaluating the efciency of
single-criterion and multicriteria indices for determining the ecological health of water quality of the Bakhtegan watershed
located in the Eghlid city of Iran. A Surber sampler was used to sample eight sites along the river route. Physicochemical
parameters were measured in each site including BOD, COD, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, ammonia and fecal coliform in
the laboratory and temperature, pH, EC, DO and hardness at the site of sampling. A total of 8161 macroinvertebrates were
identifed in 14 orders and 24 families recognized in the studied region and its highest frequency belonged to Gammaridae
family (66%). Spearman correlation coefcient (r = 0.81) indicated that the BMWP/ASPT bioindex has a higher performance
than other indicators for Bakhtegan area. The results of this study have shown no signifcant diference between control and
non-control sites (Sig. 0.05). It was found that Gammaridae was the dominant major taxon in all sampling sites. Since the
river’s water is used for farming and also drinking, it is necessary for local managers to be more sensitive to the conditions
of the region and try to increase public awareness and other researches to improve the ecological health quality.
Keywords Biodiversity · Index · Multimetric · Water
Abbreviations
BOD Biological oxygen demand
COD Chemical oxygen demand
pH Power of hydrogen
TH Total hardness
EC Electrical conductivity
DO Dissolved oxygen
BMWP/ASPT Biological monitoring working party/
Average score per taxon
APHA American public health association
IRWQI Iranian water quality index
EPA Environmental protected agency
NFSWQI National sanitation foundation water
quality index
MMIF Multimetric macroinvertebrate index
fanders
EQR Ecological quality ration
EPT Ephemeroptera–Plecoptera–Trichoptera
HFBI Hilsenhof family biotic index
TBI Trent biotic index
CCA Canonical correlation analysis
DCA Detrended correspondence analysis
NJIS New Jersey indices
Introduction
The quantitative and qualitative identification of water
resources and the rehabilitation and protection of aquatic
ecosystems are vital components of sustainable develop-
ment (Metcalfe and Smith 2009). Rivers are the only water
sources among aquatic ecosystems that pass a long way from
various small and large ecosystems (such as mountains, for-
ests, towns and villages, agricultural areas and highlands.)
and are considered as the main source of supply for drinking
water, agricultural needs and industry everywhere (Ruiz-
Picos et al. 2017). Therefore, the level of river pollution is
an indicator for environmental monitoring and assessment.
In order to consider the pollution of an aquatic environment,
Editorial responsibility: Shahid Hussain.
* J. Aazami
j.aazami@znu.ac.ir
1
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science,
University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran