https://doi.org/10.31871/IJNTR.5.7.39 International Journal of New Technology and Research (IJNTR) ISSN: 2454-4116, Volume-5, Issue-7, July 2019 Pages 28-32 28 www.ijntr.org Abstract— Photochemical machining is an engineering production technique for the manufacturing of burr free and stress-free components in various industries. The thin, precision parts and complex geometries can be produced by using non-conventional machining process in diverse industries as aerospace, electronics automotive manufacturing. This paper focuses on study of three-dimensional photochemical machining at varying temperatures by using coloured photo tool. The process is starting with by designing of photo tool for different surface curvature. Cooper material was selected for experimentation, it has good electric and thermal conductivity. The control parameters selected were temperature, concentration and time. The temperature and time are varying parameter for etching. The depth of etch was measured by using Digital Micrometre having least count 0.001mm. The objective of this study is to achieve variable depth on two dimensional surfaces.3D PCM was carried out for flat surfaces followed by curved objects on copper. Index Terms— Photo Chemical Machining, Photo tool, etching, Varying etching parameters. I. INTRODUCTION Photochemical machining (PCM) is one of the emerging non-conventional machining processes. PCM is also known as etching, photochemical machining, wet etching, photo etching, photochemical milling etc. The process is start with by creating required design called as photo tool in AutoCAD software and printed it on transparent sheet of plastic for etching. The photoresist is applied on metal surfaces. The design is kept on photoresist and exposed it by using high intensity ultraviolet light. The pattern is transferred on photoresist and It will be visible after development. The manufacturing process creates features by dissolving away the metal parts in etching process. There is no use of cutting tool for manufacturing of components, due to this the stresses and other defects normally arises from metal cutting is absent in the final part of PCM [1-6]. The major steps involved on 3D PCM is given below  Preparation of photo tool  Selection of base metal  Preparation of workpiece  Photoresist coating Bandu Kamble, Research Scholar,SVERI’s College of Engineering, Pandharpur Abhay Utpat, Professor,Department of mechanical Engineering, SVERI’s College of Engineering, Pandharpur N.D. Misal, Professor,Department of mechanical Engineering, SVERI’s College of Engineering, Pandharpur B.P Ronge, Professor,Department of mechanical Engineering, SVERI’s College of Engineering, Pandharpur  Developing  Etching  Stripping and inspection In three-dimensional PCM variable depth can be achieved by less and more exposing of samples. The less and more intensity of light will be got by passing light in coloured photo tool. The coloured photo tool is made up by printing different colours on a transparent sheet. the intensity of light passing through different colours is different. The light coming out from different is depending on the characteristic of different colours. The energy content of light is varying with colour by colour, which results in less and more harden of photoresist material. the 3D etching process is mainly depending on a development of photoresist material. Less developing results in less etching and more developing results in more etching. The application of PCM has widely been used in the manufacturing of thin, flat and complex metal parts (i.e. lead frames, colour TV masks, sensors, heat plates, printed circuit boards) in electronics, precision engineering and decorative industries in the past forty years. Now a days PCM industries plays important role in production of varieties of precision parts, decorative components and to develop microfluidic channels, microfilters, copper printed circuit boards etc. The photoresist used PCM has two types given below  Positive photoresist  Negative photoresist In negative photoresist part which is dark in photo-tool is removed and remaining part of photo-tool become hard and in positive photoresist inversely like negative photoresist the part which is dark is remain hard and other part will become softer and that non-harden part is removed. Various studies have been reported on the depth analysis, parametric analysis, edge deviation analysis for photochemical machining. The photochemical machining has already been used by various researchers for fabrication of microchannel molds, heat sinks, grooving in hydrodynamic journal bearing, etc. [7-17]. No significant study has been observed on 3D PCM. Thus, there is a scope for 3D PCM for any material and its parametric analysis. II. METHODOLOGY A. Material selection: - Thecopper is the material used for this study, because it is more elastic after gold and aluminium. Also, it has warm and higher electric conductivity. The size of specimen used is 30 mm x30 mm x0.740 mm (W×L×T). Initially 3D PCM was 3D Photochemical Machining of Copper By using Colored Phototools Bandu Kamble, Abhay Utpat, N.D. Misal, B.P Ronge