Preparation Of ZnO/SiO2 Composite From Battery
Waste And Rice Husk Ash For Decolorization Of
Methylene Blue
Eko Prabowo Hadisantoso
1
, Popy Listiani
2
, Soni Setiadji
3
{ekoph@uinsgd.ac.id
1
, popylistiani27@gmail.com
2
, s.setiadji@uinsgd.ac.id
3
}
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Jl. A.H. Nasution No. 105 Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
1
Abstract. The composite of ZnO/SiO2 has been synthesized from battery waste as a source
of ZnO and rice husk ash as a source of SiO2. The composite was used to decolorize of
methylene blue by the photocatalytic method under visible light. The ZnO/SiO2
composites were synthesized by the sol-gel method. The Zinc metal from the waste battery
is separated, cleaned, and reacted with acid which then produces a solution of Zn
2+
. While
rice husk ash was reacted with a strong base to produce Na2SiO3 solution. Then the two
solutions are mixed with the mole ratios of ZnO:SiO2 are 1:4, 1:1, 4:1, 8:1 and 16:1.
Composite characterization was carried out using XRD for all composites and SEM for
composites with the best photocatalytic performance. The photocatalytic performance of
composites was tested against methylene blue solution. The best performance of
composites can decolorize methylene blue as much as 96.91% by using composite 4:1 as
much as 150 mg with the exposure time of visible light for 180 minutes and using
methylene blue 20 ppm as much as 25 mL.
Keywords: ZnO/SiO2 composites, methylene blue, photocatalysts, battery waste, rice husk
ash.
1 Introduction
ZnO is one semiconductor that the application is extensive [1] [2] [3] [4]. One of them is
as a photocatalyst for handling organic dye [5]. Photocatalytic treatment is preferred because it
has high efficiency [6], economical [7], and environmentally friendly [8]. Photocatalyst
performance is influenced by particle size distribution [9], morphology [10], crystalline phase
[11], porosity [3], and accessibility of active sites [12]. To increase the porosity of the material,
it can be done by combining ZnO with another material that is not photocatalyst and has high
porosity [13]. So it is expected that accessibility to active sites can be improved.
In this study, the synthesis of ZnO/SiO2 composites was derived from waste batteries and
rice husk ash. SiO2 is chosen as a matrix because the amorphous state has a high porosity [14].
Besides that, the source of silica is quite easy to find from nature. ZnO is obtained from the
treatment of Zn-C primary battery waste [15]. This battery is a type of disposable battery that
usually after using it, Indonesian people disposed it into the environment without further
handling. The metal mass of Zn found in battery size AA (R6) is around 20%. ZnO synthesis
from battery waste was carried out using the precipitation method, this method was chosen
because it produced ZnO with high purity [16].
ICONISTECH 2019, July 11-12, Bandung, Indonesia
Copyright © 2021 EAI
DOI 10.4108/eai.11-7-2019.2297521