Vol. 8(1), pp. 68-76, 3 January, 2014
DOI: 10.5897/JMPR2013.5085
ISSN 1996-0875 ©2014 Academic Journals
http://www.academicjournals.org/JMPR
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Full Length Research Paper
Antinociceptive effects of Maytenus imbricata Mart. ex.
Reissek (Celastraceae) root extract and its tingenone
constituent
Clarice de Carvalho Veloso
1
, Vanessa Gregório Rodrigues
2
, Adolfo de Oliveira Azevedo
1
,
Cristina da Costa Oliveira
1
, Lindisley Ferreira Gomides
1
, Lucienir Pains Duarte
2
, Igor Dimitri
Duarte
1
, Andre Klein
1
and Andrea de Castro Perez
1
*
1
Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte,
Minas Gerais, Brazil.
2
Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas
Gerais, Brazil.
Accepted 3 December, 2013
Plants belonging to the genus Maytenus (Celastraceae) are routinely used in folk medicine for the
treatment of pain and inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the in vivo anti-
inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of the root extracts and tingenone, a natural triterpene, from
Maytenus imbricata Mart. ex. Reissek. Oral pre-treatment with methanol extract (ME), ethyl acetate
extract (EAE) (both 100 to 1000 mg/kg) and tingenone (5.3, 15.9 and 53 mg/kg) significantly reduced the
licking time in the second phase of the formalin test. Hexane/ethyl ether (1:1) extract (HEE) reduced the
licking time in both phases of the formalin test and inhibited carrageenan-induced edema formation in
mice. These results show that the three extracts and tingenone had significant anti-nociceptive effects
in the second phase of the chemical behavioral model of nociception. Therefore, M. imbricata root
extracts and tingenone, a natural quinone-methide triterpene, constitute an attractive alternative to
relieve pain.
Key words: Painful disorders, antinociception, Maytenus imbricate, triterpenes, tingenone.
INTRODUCTION
The identification of molecular components responsible
for pain has led to major advances in understanding pain
and developing new pharmacological tools for its
treatment (Woolf, 2004). Medicinal plants constitute an
alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of
painful inflammatory disorders, because they are
potential sources of phytopharmaceuticals, such as flavo-
noids, phytosterols, triterpenoids and other constituents.
It has been demonstrated that these components inhibit
the molecular targets of pro-inflammatory mediators
(Iwalewa et al., 2007).
The Celastraceae family comprises approximately 98
genera and 1210 species throughout the tropical and
subtropical regions of the world (Simmons et al., 2008)
and has been widely used in folk medicine for the
treatment of inflammatory diseases, such as stomach
complaints, fever, rheumatoid arthritis and cancer (Spivey
et al., 2002). Maytenus is a genus of this family, and its
*Corresponding author. E-mail: acp@icb.ufmg.br. Tel: +0055 31 34092721.