Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 25 (1991) 15-33 15
Elsevier
Prediction of the limit strains of sheet steel
thermally and mechanically worked in relation to
surface integrity changes: A theoretical model
A.G. Mamalis, A.P. Karafillis and N.M. Vaxevanidis
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens,
Greece
(Received July 11, 1989; accepted January 24, 1990)
Industrial Summary
A theoretical model is proposed to predict the limit strains and the forming-limit diagrams both
in the first (I) and in the second (II) quadrants of the strain locus of thin sheets subjected to
biaxial stretching. Based on the Marciniak-Kuczynski model and employing the non-quadratic
m-yield criterion, the proposed model also correlates surface integrity changes resulting from me-
chanical processing; either low-speed directional rolling or stochastic ball-drop forming and ther-
mal stochastic electro-discharge machining. Theoretical predictions and experimental data from
previous work are compared and the suitability of the theoretical model in studying the defor-
mation behaviour in sheet metal forming is discussed.
Notation
a = strain ratio, •2A/•IA
B = stress ratio, a2/al
dg = grain diameter
dp -- punch diameter
el = maximum principal strain
e2 -- minimum principal strain
e3 = thickness strain
= generalised strain
fi = inhomogeneity factors i=0, s, t, n, k
hp = depth of plastic zone
H = ball-drop height
HV = microhardness
M -- accumulated mass dropped
m = exponent of m-yield criterion
n -- work-hardening exponent
0924-0136/91/$03.50 © 1991--Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.