Annales d’Endocrinologie 71 (2010) 228–230 Journées Klotz 2010 Aberrant follicle development and anovulation in polycystic ovary syndrome Développement folliculaire aberrant et anovulation dans les syndromes des ovaires polykystiques S. Franks * , K. Hardy Imperial College School of Medicine, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom Available online 2 April 2010 Presented by Jacques Young Résumé Les facteurs endocriniens paraissent jouer un rôle important dans l’arrêt de maturation des follicules antraux au cours du syndrome des ovaires polykystiques, mais il est peu probable qu’ils aient un impact sur le développement précoce des follicules pré-antraux qui est tout à fait anormal dans le syndrome des ovaires polykystiques (OPK). L’altération précoce de la folliculogenèse dans l’OPK est caractérisée par une proportion plus élevée de follicules entrant dans la phase de croissance et une survie plus prolongée des petits follicules comparés à du tissu ovarien normal. Les facteurs responsables du développement aberrant des follicules pré-antraux restent à déterminer mais les IGF, facteurs de croissance de la famille des TGFet les androgènes pourraient tous jouer un rôle. © 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits réservés. Mots clés : Follicules ; Anovulation ; Syndrome des ovaires polykystiques Abstract Endocrine factors appear to play an important part in arrest of antral follicle maturation in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) but are unlikely to have an impact on early, preantral follicle development, which is clearly abnormal in PCOS. Disordered early folliculogenesis in PCOS is characterised by a higher proportion of follicles entering the growing phase and more prolonged survival of small follicles than in normal ovarian tissue. The factors responsible for aberrant preantral follicle development remain to be determined but IGFs, growth factors of the TGF family and androgens may all have a role. © 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. Keywords: Follicle; Anovulation; Polycystic ovary syndrome 1. The endocrine environment and antral follicle development in polycystic ovary syndrome Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the major cause of anovulatory infertility being the major cause of delay in concep- tion in more than 80% of couples [1]. The classic endocrine abnormalities of PCOS are hypersecretion of luteinising hor- mone (LH) (with normal levels of follicle stimulating hormone * Corresponding author. E-mail address: s.franks@imperial.ac.uk (S. Franks). [FSH]) and increased secretion of androgens (principally of ovarian origin) [2]. In recent years however, PCOS is also char- acterised by a typical metabolic disturbance, central to which are peripheral insulin resistance and the associated hyperinsuli- naemia [3]. Granulosa cell function is abnormal, particularly in anovula- tory women with PCOS. Follicles from women with PCOS are more heterogeneous than those from normal ovaries and include a significant sub-population that hypersecrete both oestradiol and progesterone [4]. These follicles are prematurely respon- sive to LH. Hyperinsulinaemia appears to have a significant role in the abnormal response of these follicles to LH. Paradoxi- 0003-4266/$ – see front matter © 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.ando.2010.02.007 © 2021 Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits réservés. - Document téléchargé le 12/12/2021 Il est interdit et illégal de diffuser ce document.