Medicinal Chemistry Research https://doi.org/10.1007/s00044-018-2236-3 MEDICINAL CHEMISTR Y RESEARCH ORIGINAL RESEARCH Design, synthesis and identification of novel substituted isothiochromene analogs as potential antiviral and cytotoxic agents Ameen A. Abu-Hashem 1,2 ● Moustafa A. Gouda 3,4 ● Farid A. Badria 5 Received: 30 January 2018 / Accepted: 17 August 2018 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract In this study, we present the synthesis of novel isothiochromenes, thiazolidonone, thiazinone, arylidines, triazoles, and pyrimidinone compounds based on the starting material 3-amino- isothiochromene-4-carbonitrile 3. The chemical structures were confirmed using spectroscopic methods and elemental analyses. These compounds were screened for their in vitro antiviral and antitumor activities. Compounds 10a-c and 22a-b showed activity against herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). Compounds 15 and 21a-b exhibited activity against various types of cancer cell lines. Graphical Abstract Compounds 22a-b and 10a-c showed to be active against herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and virus-1 (HIV-1). Also, the products 21a-b and 15 proved to a wide extent antitumor activity Keywords Isothiochromenes ● Thiazolopyrimidines ● Thiazines ● 1, 2, 3-triazine ● Triazolopyrimidines ● Pyrrolopyrimidines ● Antiviral ● Antitumor activity * Ameen A. Abu-Hashem aminaliabuhashem@yahoo.com 1 Photochemistry Department (Heterocyclic Unit), National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt 2 Chemistry Departments, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 2097, Saudi Arabia 3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Taibah University, Ulla, Medina, Saudi Arabia 4 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt 5 Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00044-018-2236-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: