FPGA Control of the Neutral Point Clamped Quasi-Z-Source Inverter
S. Stepenko
1,2
, O. Husev
1,2
, D. Vinnikov
1
, S. Ivanets
2
1
Department of Electrical Drives and Power Electronics, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5,
19086 Tallinn, Estonia, E-mail: dmitri.vinnikov@gmail.com
2
Department of Industrial Electronics, Chernihiv State Technological University, Shevchenko street 95,
14027 Chernihiv, Ukraine, E-mail: stepenko.sergey@gmail.com
ABSTRACT: The three-level neutral point clamped quasi-
Z-source inverter has been proposed recently. Due to its
features the neutral point clamped quasi-Z-source inverter is
especially suitable for renewable energy sources. This
topology requires special control methods and respectively
new element basis can be used for control implementation.
Current paper describes the control system implemented,
based on FPGA for a three-level neutral point clamped
quasi-Z-source inverter and the control signals obtained.
KEYWORDS: FPGA, control system, three-level inverter,
neutral point clamped inverter, quasi-Z-source inverter.
1 Introduction
A new modification of the quasi-Z-source inverter, a
three-level neutral point clamped quasi-Z-source inverter,
has been proposed recently [1]. Its topology is shown in
Fig. 1.
This topology is a combination of the quasi-Z-source
inverter (qZSI) and the three-level neutral point clamped
inverter (3L-NPC). The new converter comprises
advantages of both of these topologies: it can buck and
boost the input voltage, it has excellent short circuit
immunity and due to the multilevel topology, high energy
density is attainable [2].
Fig. 1. Neutral point clamped quasi-Z-source inverter
Each leg of the neutral point clamped quasi-Z-source
inverter consists of two complementary switching pairs of
transistors and four anti-parallel diodes (Fig. 1).
This topology has also such advantages as continuous
input current, the possibility to use shoot-through, lower
switching and balanced neutral-point voltage losses in
comparison with the traditional two-level voltage source
inverter [1]. Due to the above features the neutral point
clamped quasi-Z-source inverter is especially suitable for
renewable energy sources.
To manage the 3L-NPC qZSI eight control signals
applied to the gates of power switches (e.g. MOSFETs,
IGBTs) and a shoot-through separately formed signal are
required. Finally, the generated shoot-through vector will
be mixed with other control signals. These signals should
be shifted and have different shape. To satisfy such
requirements using microcontroller will be quite difficullt
and therefore new element base for control is necessary.
2 Basis for Control Implementation
In recent years implementations based on Field
Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have become
common in different areas of electronics.
There are many studies devoted to embedded systems
(Systems-On-Chip) that cover the main problems of their
usage, both in the industry and academia. Accordingly,
each year at the most prestigious conferences numerous
papers describing the newest features of FPGAs have
been reported. For example, in some cases if we need, it is
possible now to emulate large systems that cannot even be
placed into existing FPGA [3]. In turn, the possibilities of
FPGAs (due to their advantages, such as fast prototyping,
reprogramming, high operating frequency, and parallel
processing capabilities) are increasingly used in power
electronics to control the DC/AC converters (inverters) in
order to achieve the desired output voltage. The
implementation of control for various types of voltage
source inverters (VSI) using FPGA was proposed in [4],
[5] and several practical examples of its application
demonstrate the utility of such approaches.
In addition to the above features of FPGAs, there is
also the possibility to use the Nios II embedded processor,
which can be built by a designer through a software [6].
263
2012 13th Biennial Baltic Electronics Conference (BEC2012)
Tallinn, Estonia, October 3-5, 2012
978-1-4673-2774-9/12/$31.00 ©2012 IEEE