120 Int. J. Six Sigma and Competitive Advantage, Vol. 14, No. 1, 2022 Copyright © 2022 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. Understanding LSS 4.0 through golden circle model and reviewing its scope in Indian textile industry Ashwani Sharma* and Bikram Jit Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering, MMDU, Mullana, India Email: hod.medrcet@gmail.com Email: chann461@yahoo.com *Corresponding author Abstract: Industry 4.0 renders a smart factory by using sophisticated information and communication systems along with forward-looking technologies. This paper analyses the incompletely understood link between Industry 4.0 and Lean Six Sigma (LSS) as far as quality excellence is concerned. It explores whether Industry 4.0 tools, synergised with LSS strategies, can bring performance excellence in 21st century manufacturing systems. Further, the scope and applicability of LSS 4.0 approach in Indian textile industries have been reviewed and explored for bringing a paradigm shift in this domain. LSS 4.0 is rarely applied in Indian textile cluster and this paper will definitely enhance the concerned knowledge base. Golden circle approach will make the idea more systematic and easier to understand. Keywords: TQM; Lean; Six Sigma; Lean Six Sigma; LSS; Industry 4.0 tools. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Sharma, A. and Singh, B.J. (2022) ‘Understanding LSS 4.0 through golden circle model and reviewing its scope in Indian textile industry’, Int. J. Six Sigma and Competitive Advantage, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp.120–137. Biographical notes: Ashwani Sharma is a PhD student in Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala in Mechanical Engineering Department. He earned his Master of Engineering in Industrial Engineering and Management from Kuruksheta University Kurukshetra. Bikram Jit Singh is working as a Professor in Mechanical Engineering Department at MM Engineering College of Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, India. He earned his Masters of Engineering with distinction in ‘Industrial Engineering’ from Thapar University, Patiala and PhD on ‘Six Sigma’ from National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra. He had a three-year professional experience as a Manager in Light Alloy Foundry at Goetze India Limited (a German multi-national company at Bahadurgarh, India). He was undergone on the job training on SQC Tools and TPM for two years. This paper is a revised and expanded version of a paper entitled ‘Understanding LSS 4.0 through golden circle model’ presented at CIMS-2020, NIT Jalandhar, 9–11 October 2020.