~ 950 ~ International Journal of Chemical Studies 2018; 6(1): 950-952 P-ISSN: 2349–8528 E-ISSN: 2321–4902 IJCS 2018; 6(1): 950-952 © 2018 IJCS Received: 15-11-2017 Accepted: 20-12-2017 Dr. Manna Baruti M.V. Sc., Department of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, C.V. Sc., College of Veterinary Science. Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Assam, India Bhaikon Singh M.V. Sc., Department of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, C.V. Sc., College of Veterinary Science. Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Assam, India Manjyoti Bhuyan Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, C.V.Sc., College of Veterinary Science. Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Assam, India Anurag Borthakur M.V.Sc., Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, C.V.Sc., College of Veterinary Science. Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Assam, India Dipak Bhuyan Director, Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, C.V.Sc., College of Veterinary Science. Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Assam, India Jyoti Pawan Chutia M.V.Sc., Department of Veterinary Public Health, C.V.Sc., College of Veterinary Science. Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Assam, India Correspondence Dr. Manna Baruti M.V. Sc., Department of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, C.V. Sc., College of Veterinary Science. Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Assam, India Management of Lantana camara poisoning in a bull Manna Baruti, Bhaikon Singh, Manjyoti Bhuyan, Anurag Borthakur, Dipak Bhuyan and Jyoti Pawan Chutia Abstract Lanatana camara is a noxious weed found in tropical and subtropical regions including south East Asia. A bull was brought to Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, C.V. Sc., A.A.U. from North Guwahati area with a history of ingestion of leaves of this noxious plant showing signs of intoxication viz. diarrhea, weakness, liver damage and photosensitization. The liver enzyme levels were also recorded to be very high. Based on history, clinical signs and biochemical parameters, it was diagnosed to be a case of Lantana camara poisoning the bull was treated with supportive therapy and provided proper care and management for recovery. Results revealed that post treatment with supportive therapy, there was significant improvement in the condition of the affected animal with symptoms receding and the animal gradually returning to normalcy. From this case study it can be inferred that proper and timely supportive treatment is effective in ameliorating signs of Lantana camara poisoning. However, preventive measures should always be put in place which can significantly help in averting the occurrence of poisoning. Keywords: Lantana camara; liver damage; photosensitization; supportive therapy Introduction Lantana camara is known to be toxic to livestock such as cattle, sheep, horses, dogs and goats. The active substances causing toxicity in grazing animals are the pentacyclic triterpenoids which inflict significant liver injury and photosensitivity (Ross, 1999) [1] . The pentacyclic triterpenoids are hepatotoxic compounds known as lantadenes. There are four types of Lantana leaves toxin lantadene A (LA), Lantadene B (LB), Lantana C (LC) and Lantana D (LD) (Fig.1). Among the known compounds present in lantana, LA is the most hepato-toxic. The toxic effects of this plant are evident both in ruminants and in non-ruminants (Sharma et al., 2007) [2] . This toxin has been found to be absorbed through entire GIT (gastrointestinal tract), mainly small intestine (Sharma et al., 2007) [2] . It affects the liver and kidneys of ruminants and leads to photosensitization. Following ingestion of the toxins, animals usually die within 2 to 4 days in acute cases manifesting signs of weakness, sluggishness, bloody diarrhea, edematous ears and eyelids, cracks and fissures on muzzle and other non-hairy parts, conjunctivitis, ulceration of the tip and under surface of the tongue (if un-pigmented), pale conjunctival, vulvar or vaginal mucous membranes and sclera of eye. The acute lantana toxicity can be induced either by the leaf powder or by partially purified lantadene powder (Sharma &Makkar, 1981) [4] . The toxicity of lantana camara poisoning is mostly ascribed to its absorptive capacity, underpinned by its resemblance to cholesterol, the absorption of which is known to be facilitated by esterification with cholesterol esterase. The bile canaliculicular membranes are the primary site of lantana toxins. The intrahepatic cholestasis in lantana poisoning causes photosensitization due to retention of phylloerythrin which is normally secreted in bile (Trauner et al., 1998) [5] .