Olajumoke Omolara Ojo Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2021; 11(2):164-167 ISSN: 2250-1177 [164] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO Available online on 20.03.2021 at http://jddtonline.info Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics Open Access to Pharmaceutical and Medical Research © 2011-21, publisher and licensee JDDT, This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted non-commercial use(CC By-NC), provided the original work is properly cited Open Access Full Text Article Research Article Effect of Lanthanum Strontium Manganese Oxide (LaSMnO3) Nanoparticle on mouse Testosterone and Fertility Olajumoke Omolara Ojo Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria Article Info: _________________________________________ Article History: Received 19 Jan 2021; Review Completed 27 Feb 2021 Accepted 09 March 2021; Available online 20 March 2021 ___________________________________________________________ Cite this article as: Ojo OO, Effect of Lanthanum Strontium Manganese Oxide (LaSMnO3) Nanoparticle on mouse Testosterone and Fertility, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2021; 11(2):164-167 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i2.4614 ___________________________________________________________ *Address for Correspondence: Olajumoke Omolara Ojo, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria Abstract ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Intraperitoneal administration of Lanthanum strontium manganese oxide (LaSMnO3) a new class of magnetic nanoparticle on mouse testosterone and fertility was investigated. For this, experimental mice divided into 4 groups (n=5); group I, II, III and IV were treated with vehicle (control), 5, 10 and 20 µg/kg/day of LaSMnO3 for 21 days respectively. Five animals from each group were sacrificed at interval of 0, 7, 14 and 21 days, however, after twenty-one days of the treatment, animals in all groups were allowed to cohabited with untreated female mice for fertility study. Toxic effects of LaSMnO3 on the testosterone and sperm parameters were analyzed. Effect on ROS and anti-oxidative biomarkers were also measured. Significant decrease (p<0.05) of epididymal spermatozoa motility and numbers was measured revealing the cytotoxicity effects of this nanomaterial. Light microscopic study revealed changes in the cauda epididymal sperm morphology. Failure of the fertility in LaSMnO3-treated mice as evidenced by the significant reduction in the average number of implantation in females mated with the treated males. Depletion of testicular testosterone hormone level by high dose of LaSMnO3 (20µg/kg/day) shows a reduced testicular androgen synthesis. This study therefore, shows the potential adverse effect of LaSMnO3 on male fertility. Keywords: Lanthanum strontium manganese oxide nanoparticle, animal models, toxicity, fertility 1.0. INTRODUCTION Considerable research interest in the area of drug delivery using particulate delivery systems as carriers for small and large molecules. Nanoparticles system have been used as a physical approach to alter and improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmaco-dynamics properties of various types of drug molecules especially most of the anti-cancer drugs, hence used in-vivo to protect the drug entity in the systemic circulation, restrict access of the drug to the chosen sites and to deliver the drug at a controlled and sustained rate to the site of action. Various polymers have been used in the formulation of nanoparticles for drug delivery research to increase therapeutic benefit, while minimizing side effects. Polymeric nanoparticles offer some specific advantages over liposomes, they help to increase the stability of drugs/proteins and possess useful controlled release properties 1,2 . However, the safety of these carriers has been questioned. This study is therefore designed to evaluate the effect of this new nanoparticle on male fertility. 2.0. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY Lanthanum strontium manganese oxide (LaSMnO3) (synthesized in the laboratory), Nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT), Sodium chloride (NaCl), Sodium azide, Bradford reagent, Sodium pyrophosphate, Sodium acetate &Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) Na2HPO4 (Disodium hydrogen phosphate; dibasic), Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4), Glycine, Sodium citrate, NaH2PO4.2H2O (Sodium dihydrogen Phosphate hydrated monobasic) were procured from Sigma, USA. 2.1. Experimental animals Male and female mice were obtained from animal house of Ekiti-State University Ado Ekiti, Nigeria. The animals were maintained under standard conditions of humidity (50 ± 5 %), temperature (25 ± 2 o C) and dark and light cycles (12 hrs each) with free access to food and water. 2.2. Dose grouping The animals were divided into 4 groups (n=5). Group I served as control while groups II, III, and IV received 5, 10, and 20 µg/kg/day of LaSMnO3 respectively. Five animals from each group were sacrificed at interval of 0 day 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days following administration of LaSMnO3 Oxide prepared in Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) via intraperitoneal injection. On the twenty-one days, treated male mice of all groups were cohabited with untreated female mice for fertility study. 2.3. Tissue Sampling At autopsy, Epididymis and testis were removed, blotted free of blood and adhering tissues, kept in tube and immediately stored in -20 o C for biochemical studies. 2.4. Testosterone estimation The testicular testosterone level from each group was measured 3. Briefly, testicular proteins were extracted with phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH 7.4) and centrifuged at 10,000 g for 20 min. The supernatant was used to estimate testosterone level using ELISA method and were expressed in ng/ml.